加拉加斯不是巴黎:特蕾莎·德拉帕拉的《Ifigenia》(1924)中梅斯蒂扎耶的适度现代性

IF 0.2 4区 文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1353/hpn.2023.a906569
Alana Alvarez
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:特蕾莎·德拉帕拉(1889–1936)通过她的书信通信和1924年的小说《Ifigenia》,对20世纪委内瑞拉仍然存在的殖民时代的种族分层制度提出了质疑。帕拉通过一种温和的种族话语确立了种族类别的可塑性,这种话语旨在将白人重新归类为经济财富的唯一标志。《Ifigenia》通过其年轻天真的主人公描绘了白人精英如何不情愿地适应现代社会的重大社会经济变化,使以前的种族分层制度及其白化项目过时。帕拉对种族问题的温和态度一直被许多学者忽视,他们经常关注伊菲根尼亚的女性话语。然而,帕拉的小说在种族纯洁和梅斯蒂扎耶之间微妙的并置中蓬勃发展,这反映了巴黎和加拉加斯之间作为对立的地理和种族空间的紧张关系。帕拉细致入微的话语揭示了一种温和的种族理论,该理论强调了控制种族混合的重要性,并打算在20世纪之交在欧洲的种族纯洁理想和委内瑞拉的混血现实之间进行谈判。最终,她的主人公自愿牺牲自己,以延续一种现代性迫使人们接受mestizaje的民族叙事。
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Caracas Is Not Paris: The Moderate Modernity of Mestizaje in Teresa de la Parra’s Ifigenia (1924)
Abstract:Through her epistolary correspondence and her novel Ifigenia 1924, Teresa de la Parra (1889–1936) questions racial stratification systems reminiscent of colonial times and still present in twentieth-century Venezuela. Parra establishes the malleability of racial categories through a moderate racial discourse that intends to re-classify whiteness as the sole marker of economic wealth. Via its young and naïve protagonist, Ifigenia depicts how white elites reluctantly adapted to modernity’s significant socioeconomic changes, leaving previous racial stratification systems—and their whitening projects—obsolete. Parra’s moderate approach to race has been consistently overlooked by numerous scholars who often focus on Ifigenia’s feminine discourse. However, Parra’s novel thrives in the nuanced juxtaposition between racial purity and mestizaje that mirrors the tension between Paris and Caracas as opposing geographical and racial spaces. Parra’s nuanced discourse reveals a moderate racial theory that underscores the importance of controlled racial mixing and intends to negotiate between a European ideal of racial purity and a Venezuelan mestizo reality at the turn of the twentieth century. Ultimately, her protagonist willingly sacrifices herself for the continuation of a national narrative where modernity has enforced an acceptance of mestizaje.
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