Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906569
Alana Alvarez
Abstract:Through her epistolary correspondence and her novel Ifigenia 1924, Teresa de la Parra (1889–1936) questions racial stratification systems reminiscent of colonial times and still present in twentieth-century Venezuela. Parra establishes the malleability of racial categories through a moderate racial discourse that intends to re-classify whiteness as the sole marker of economic wealth. Via its young and naïve protagonist, Ifigenia depicts how white elites reluctantly adapted to modernity’s significant socioeconomic changes, leaving previous racial stratification systems—and their whitening projects—obsolete. Parra’s moderate approach to race has been consistently overlooked by numerous scholars who often focus on Ifigenia’s feminine discourse. However, Parra’s novel thrives in the nuanced juxtaposition between racial purity and mestizaje that mirrors the tension between Paris and Caracas as opposing geographical and racial spaces. Parra’s nuanced discourse reveals a moderate racial theory that underscores the importance of controlled racial mixing and intends to negotiate between a European ideal of racial purity and a Venezuelan mestizo reality at the turn of the twentieth century. Ultimately, her protagonist willingly sacrifices herself for the continuation of a national narrative where modernity has enforced an acceptance of mestizaje.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906585
Rudyard Alcocer
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906578
Montserrat Fuente-Camacho
Afro-Brazilian culture and identity in those authors’ works. Part III, “Hybridities in Afro-Brazilian Culture,” examines how Afro-Brazilian community organizations, such as Filhos de Gandi and Cortejo Afro, have provided models of building social capital and societal transformation. Interestingly, as Afolabi notes, cultural manifestations that have often become associated with Afro-Brazilians, such as carnivalesque parades, are both exploitative and celebratory in their essence: that is, both “sacred” and “profane.” But these ironically garner needed promotion and funding for their socio-cultural projects. Lastly, Afolabi closes the work with a fascinating chapter on the role of acarajé (e.g., the Brazilian recreation of a Yoruba beancake) as an “ancestral food” or “(sacred) daily bread,” which has become an integral part of Afro-Brazilian identity and culture across Brazil. Overall, the book provides a thorough scholarly analysis, particularly in terms of literature. It is extensively researched, documented, and annotated—the endnotes alone comprise another chapter in and of itself. It also contains some rather interesting personal anecdotes, which read at times like a memoir from someone encountering “a home away from home” in Brazil, and what it feels like to live in and navigate around Brazil as a person of African descent. However, the book’s shortcomings are twofold: first, outside of students of Brazilian Studies and/or African Diaspora Studies generally, the work may feel tedious, even arcane, to general readership. As a remedy, a glossary of Afro-Brazilian terms used in the book would have been helpful. Secondly (and relatedly to the first point), while the book’s major focus is Bahia, it doesn’t explain well that this is not the only State with significant populations of Afro-Brazilians or of Afro-Brazilian cultural manifestations. That is, States such as Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Pernambuco, São Paulo, for example, also have significant populations of African origin, and where Afro-Brazilian traditions have rooted and are still practiced to some extent. Bahia, by contrast, is in a unique position with its higher per capita Afro-Brazilian population; its capital city, Salvador, is the “Black Rome”; and is, moreover, one that is highly—and rather uniquely—influenced by Yoruba culture. Historically speaking, the region of Congo/Angola was the most prevalent source for African slaves destined to Brazil, and hence the cultural source for much of what is identified as “Afro-Brazilian” in terms of religion, music, dance, foods, language, etc. As such, other forms of Afro-Brazilian history and culture—and hence other forms of “cultural hybridity”—exist outside of Bahia, and despite Bahia. Due to this complex, complicated, and diverse sociohistorical reality, the book would have profited by having a historical overview on the diversity of AfroBrazilian history and culture, to better explain the sociohistorical complexities involved in resea
这些作家作品中的巴西黑人文化和身份。第三部分，“非裔巴西文化中的杂交”，考察了非裔巴西社区组织，如Filhos de Gandi和Cortejo Afro，如何提供了建立社会资本和社会转型的模式。有趣的是，正如阿弗拉比指出的那样，经常与巴西黑人联系在一起的文化表现形式，比如狂欢节式的游行，在本质上既是剥削性的，也是庆祝性的:也就是说，既是“神圣的”，也是“亵渎的”。但具有讽刺意味的是，他们为自己的社会文化项目争取到了必要的宣传和资金。最后，Afolabi用一章引人入胜的章节作为作品的结尾处，讲述了acaraj(例如，巴西人对约鲁巴人的再创造)作为“祖先的食物”或“(神圣的)每日面包”的作用，它已成为巴西非裔巴西人身份和文化的组成部分。总的来说，这本书提供了一个彻底的学术分析，特别是在文学方面。它经过了广泛的研究、记录和注释——仅尾注就构成了另一章。它还包含了一些相当有趣的个人轶事，有时读起来就像一个在巴西遇到“家外之家”的人的回忆录，以及作为一个非洲人后裔在巴西生活和生活的感受。然而，这本书的缺点是双重的:首先，除了巴西研究和/或非洲侨民研究的学生之外，一般读者可能会觉得这本书乏味，甚至晦涩难懂。作为补救措施，书中使用的非裔巴西人术语表将有所帮助。第二点(与第一点相关)，虽然这本书主要关注的是巴伊亚州，但它并没有很好地解释这不是唯一一个拥有大量巴西黑人人口或巴西黑人文化表现形式的州。也就是说，巴西里约热内卢、米纳斯吉拉斯州、伯南布哥州、圣保罗州等州也有大量非洲裔人口，非洲裔巴西人的传统在这些地方生根发芽，并在某种程度上仍在实行。相比之下，巴伊亚州的独特之处在于其较高的非裔巴西人人均人口;其首都萨尔瓦多是“黑色罗马”;而且，它深受约鲁巴文化的影响，而且是非常独特的。从历史上讲，刚果/安哥拉地区是运往巴西的非洲奴隶最普遍的来源，因此，在宗教、音乐、舞蹈、食物、语言等方面，许多被认定为“非裔巴西人”的文化来源。因此，其他形式的巴西黑人历史和文化——以及其他形式的“文化混杂”——存在于巴伊亚州之外，尽管巴伊亚州存在。由于这种复杂、复杂和多样化的社会历史现实，这本书本可以通过对非裔巴西人历史和文化多样性的历史概述来更好地解释研究和写作这一主题所涉及的社会历史复杂性，以及目前的工作如何适应复杂的非裔巴西人现实。尽管如此，必须指出的是，这些建议是对分析学术的优秀工作的“调整”。Steven Byrd，新英格兰大学
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906579
Olga Bezhanova
{"title":"Carmen Laforet: Después de Nada, mucho. Nuevas perspectivas al conmemorar el centenario de su nacimiento (1921–2021) ed. by Mark P. Del Mastro, and Caragh Wells (review)","authors":"Olga Bezhanova","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906579","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44718053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906566
Conxita Domènech
Managing Editor’s Message Conxita Domènech In the summer of 2018, we celebrated the 100th anniversary of our organization, the AATSP, in Salamanca; in the current year, 2023, we have returned to this university town where Antonio de Nebrija (1444–1522), Beatriz Galindo (1465–1534)—better known as La Latina—, and Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936) lived. Salamanca always offers us a warm welcome. This time, the warm welcome was extended by several officers of the autonomous community, the city, and the university: Alfonso Fernández Mañueco—President of the Junta de Castilla y León—, Carlos García Carbayo—Mayor of Salamanca—, and Ricardo Rivero Ortega— President of the University of Salamanca. As if these inspirational encounters were not sufficient, we were also greeted by Santiago Muñoz Machado—Director of the Real Academia Española— and by Julissa Reynoso Pantaleón—United States Ambassador to Spain and Andorra. It was also a warm welcome because of the hot weather that blanketed this Castilian city as teachers and professors from all over the United States swarmed the terraces of the Plaza Mayor and its surroundings. Although the welcome was just as warm as in the summer of 2018, the Salamanca of 2023 radiated much more majesty and luminosity. Perhaps that luminosity was connected to the many assemblies in which there was no shortage of wine, cheeses, cured meats, and tortilla de patatas. Although we had to say goodbye to our Executive Director, Sheri Spaine Long, she made it very clear that she was not going to disappear. We need you with us, Sheri! Overall, we learned a lot this year in Salamanca and had even more fun than in 2018. We congratulated and welcomed María Carreira, our new Executive Director, at the conference. María has been a constant presence in our organization and annual conference, and she has served as Associate Editor of Hispania. She has also written for Hispania: “Learning for All: Addressing Issues of Access and Participation in Mixed Classes” appeared in the centenary issue. While you can read her bibliography on the AATSP website, it is worth mentioning that María is Professor Emerita from California State University, Long Beach, where she taught Spanish linguistics for over thirty years. Dr. Carreira has published extensively on heritage language pedagogy. She is a co-author of four college-level Spanish textbooks as well as a co-author of Voces: Latino Students on Life in the United States. During the conference, María spelled out her projects and vision for the AATSP. We wish you the best of luck, María! Returning to the United States and matters of our academic journal, Hispania, the September issue contains two short-form articles, seven research articles, and twenty-two book reviews. In the first short-form article, Sylvia López proposes museum projects for an elective Spanish course on health that is open to students at the high-intermediate level and above. In the second short-form article, Antonio Pérez-Núñez descr
2018年夏天，我们在萨拉曼卡庆祝了AATSP成立100周年;今年，2023年，我们回到了安东尼奥·德·内布里哈(1444-1522)、比阿特丽斯·加林多(1465-1534)——更广为人知的名字是拉蒂娜——和米格尔·德·乌纳穆诺(1864-1936)生活过的这座大学城。萨拉曼卡总是热情欢迎我们。这一次，自治区、城市和大学的几位官员表示了热烈的欢迎:卡西提亚军政府的阿方索Fernández Mañueco-President León、萨拉曼卡市长卡洛斯García卡巴约和萨拉曼卡大学校长里卡多·里韦罗·奥尔特加。似乎这些鼓舞人心的相遇还不够，我们还受到了圣地亚哥Muñoz machado皇家学院院长Española和juliissa Reynoso Pantaleón-United国家驻西班牙和安道尔大使的欢迎。由于天气炎热，来自美国各地的教师和教授聚集在马约尔广场及其周围的露台上，这座卡斯蒂利亚城市也受到了热烈欢迎。尽管欢迎和2018年夏天一样热烈，但2023年的萨拉曼卡散发出更加威严和明亮的光芒。也许这种光亮与许多集会有关，在这些集会上，酒、奶酪、腌肉和墨西哥薄饼都不缺。虽然我们不得不向我们的执行董事谢丽·斯潘·朗告别，但她明确表示她不会消失。我们需要你的帮助，雪莉!总的来说，我们今年在萨拉曼卡学到了很多东西，比2018年更有趣。我们在会议上祝贺并欢迎我们的新任执行主任María卡雷拉。María一直是我们组织和年度会议的常客，她曾担任Hispania的副主编。她还为《西班牙语》撰写了一篇题为《全民学习:解决混合班级的入学和参与问题》的文章，发表在《西班牙语》百年特刊上。虽然你可以在AATSP网站上阅读她的参考书目，但值得一提的是María是加州州立大学长滩分校的名誉教授，她在那里教授西班牙语语言学超过30年。卡雷拉博士发表了大量关于传统语言教学法的文章。她是四本大学水平西班牙语教科书的合著者，也是《声音:拉丁裔学生在美国的生活》一书的合著者。在会议期间，María详细阐述了她对AATSP的项目和愿景。我们祝你好运，María!回到美国和我们的学术期刊《西班牙》，九月号有两篇短文，七篇研究文章和二十二篇书评。在第一篇短文中，Sylvia López提出了一个关于健康的西班牙语选修课程的博物馆项目，该课程面向中高水平及以上的学生开放。在第二篇短文中，Antonio Pérez-Núñez描述了ChatGPT支持外语教学的功能的具体用途，但他也强调了当前的一些限制，并指出了使用生成式AI系统可能产生的潜在问题。这期的研究文章在地理上是不同的，研究哥伦比亚人的西班牙语、波多黎各人的西班牙语和说中文的人，以及委内瑞拉和西班牙的文学和电影。Alana Alvarez通过小说Ifigenia提醒我们“加拉加斯不是巴黎”，并质疑种族分层制度，这让人想起殖民时代，但仍然存在于二十世纪的委内瑞拉。同时，索尼娅·r·巴登纳斯·罗伊用巴勃罗·伯杰的电影《布兰卡尼夫斯》为我们提供了无数的西班牙语课程练习。何塞·米格尔·布兰科·佩纳概述了向中国人教授西班牙语的起源、里程碑和概念基础;伊斯特Hernández伊斯特班分析了华裔诗人陈帕洛玛的诗歌，突出了移民子女在两种文化、两种语言和两套期望之间所遭受的身份危机。David L. García León和Javier E. García León主张采用种族语言学和交叉的方法来研究……
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906588
Susana Cavallo
{"title":"Un intelectual en tiempos sombríos: Francisco Ayala, entre la razón y las emociones (1929–1949) by Javier Krauel (review)","authors":"Susana Cavallo","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906588","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42371109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906587
Luciano Martínez
Indeed, delirious. As an aid, the author includes an insert, a roadmap of sorts: a genealogical diagram detailing what is to him the convoluted nature of modern Latin American cultural and political history. Granés’s focus is, on the one hand, vast: He gives consideration to a plethora of poets, painters, essayists, dictators, and so on, from all the regions (and subregions) of Latin America during the time period in question. He could have started his account prior to Martí (with Bolívar, for instance, or even Spanish colonialism itself), but a longer temporal framework was not necessary for Granés’s argument. Opening the book with Martí’s reckless charge sets the stage in dramatic fashion; in addition, Latin American cultural and political history post Martí is (as the author shows) already intricate enough. On the other hand, there are recurring dramatis personae, ideas, and debates in Delirio americano: these serve as guides in what is otherwise a lengthy and dense text of more than five hundred pages before the endnotes. Some of these include the longstanding impact of José Enrique Rodo’s essay “Ariel,” related notions of anti-Yankeeism, and the skepticism toward science and pragmatism often found in the region. The author is adept at showing, through many examples, how poets and novelists in the region influenced the ideologies of political leaders; indeed, it was not uncommon for Latin American writers to become rulers of their countries. In many respects, as Granés makes plain, at stake in its various intellectual debates are views regarding the nature and destiny of Latin America: is the region, on account of its history and demography, destined (doomed, even) to frenzied and cacophonous political experiments that often lead to dictatorship, tyranny, and a pervasive sense of victimhood? Similarly, is Latin America the land of magical realism, opaque to—and essentially different from—the rest of the world? Or is it best, as intellectuals like Mario Vargas Llosa have posited in what might be described as a counter option, for the region to commit to the path of liberalism and democracy, messy and protracted though this path may be? Granés argues for the counter option, placing himself firmly in the camp of Vargas Llosa and other Latin American intellectuals who became disillusioned with the upheavals, power grabs, and polarization characteristic of the region (and which are becoming, Granés observes, increasingly common beyond the region). In contrast, readers committed to the first array of options will almost certainly find Granés’s book unconvincing (if not misguided). In addition, one could further critique Delirio americano as paying too much attention to masculine, patriarchal cultural and political figures and institutions. Granted, there are counterexamples of female artists, intellectuals, and political figures (e.g., Nahui Olin, Doris Salcedo, and Evita Perón), but in the study they are probably best considered the exceptions tha
{"title":"The Other/Argentina: Jews, Gender, and Sexuality in the Making of a Modern Nation by Amy K. Kaminsky (review)","authors":"Luciano Martínez","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906587","url":null,"abstract":"Indeed, delirious. As an aid, the author includes an insert, a roadmap of sorts: a genealogical diagram detailing what is to him the convoluted nature of modern Latin American cultural and political history. Granés’s focus is, on the one hand, vast: He gives consideration to a plethora of poets, painters, essayists, dictators, and so on, from all the regions (and subregions) of Latin America during the time period in question. He could have started his account prior to Martí (with Bolívar, for instance, or even Spanish colonialism itself), but a longer temporal framework was not necessary for Granés’s argument. Opening the book with Martí’s reckless charge sets the stage in dramatic fashion; in addition, Latin American cultural and political history post Martí is (as the author shows) already intricate enough. On the other hand, there are recurring dramatis personae, ideas, and debates in Delirio americano: these serve as guides in what is otherwise a lengthy and dense text of more than five hundred pages before the endnotes. Some of these include the longstanding impact of José Enrique Rodo’s essay “Ariel,” related notions of anti-Yankeeism, and the skepticism toward science and pragmatism often found in the region. The author is adept at showing, through many examples, how poets and novelists in the region influenced the ideologies of political leaders; indeed, it was not uncommon for Latin American writers to become rulers of their countries. In many respects, as Granés makes plain, at stake in its various intellectual debates are views regarding the nature and destiny of Latin America: is the region, on account of its history and demography, destined (doomed, even) to frenzied and cacophonous political experiments that often lead to dictatorship, tyranny, and a pervasive sense of victimhood? Similarly, is Latin America the land of magical realism, opaque to—and essentially different from—the rest of the world? Or is it best, as intellectuals like Mario Vargas Llosa have posited in what might be described as a counter option, for the region to commit to the path of liberalism and democracy, messy and protracted though this path may be? Granés argues for the counter option, placing himself firmly in the camp of Vargas Llosa and other Latin American intellectuals who became disillusioned with the upheavals, power grabs, and polarization characteristic of the region (and which are becoming, Granés observes, increasingly common beyond the region). In contrast, readers committed to the first array of options will almost certainly find Granés’s book unconvincing (if not misguided). In addition, one could further critique Delirio americano as paying too much attention to masculine, patriarchal cultural and political figures and institutions. Granted, there are counterexamples of female artists, intellectuals, and political figures (e.g., Nahui Olin, Doris Salcedo, and Evita Perón), but in the study they are probably best considered the exceptions tha","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45697050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906590
Martín Camps
{"title":"Miss del Río by Bárbara Mujica (review)","authors":"Martín Camps","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46703200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906580
Esther Fernández
{"title":"From the Theater to the Plaza: Spectacle, Protest, and Urban Space in Twenty-First Century Madrid by Matthew I. Feinberg (review)","authors":"Esther Fernández","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/hpn.2023.a906584
Álvaro Ramírez
{"title":"Colectficción: Sobrepasando los límites de la autoficción ed. by Priscilla Gac-Artigas (review)","authors":"Álvaro Ramírez","doi":"10.1353/hpn.2023.a906584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/hpn.2023.a906584","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51796,"journal":{"name":"Hispania-A Journal Devoted To the Teaching of Spanish and Portuguese","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41593616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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