{"title":"尿液对石质文物的作用","authors":"Aranda Calió dos Reys, E. A. Del Lama","doi":"10.36868/ijcs.2023.02.01","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Due to its resistance and durability, stone is the material most used in construction by humanity. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of urine on granites. Accelerated alteration tests were performed on Grey Itaquera, Pink Itupeva, and Black Piracaia granites – stones from the São Paulo State, Brazil, which were widely used in the historical built heritage of the São Paulo state. The test was performed with 30 cycles of partial immersion of nine samples in artificial urine solution and the sanitising of the specimens, totalling 60 consecutive days of testing. In the first 24 hours, the samples were partially immersed in urine; in the following 24 hours, the samples were sanitised in three different groups: A) without washing; B) washing with natural water; C) washing with a 5:1 solution of natural water with bleach. The alterations induced in the specimens were evaluated by spectrophotometry, P-wave velocity, and scanning electron microscopy. The main results obtained were chromatic alterations and crystallisation of salts on the three types of granite. The study concluded that urine is a substance that can cause moderate alterations in the aesthetics and structure of granitic stones.","PeriodicalId":45840,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Conservation Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Action of Urine on Stone-Built Heritage\",\"authors\":\"Aranda Calió dos Reys, E. A. Del Lama\",\"doi\":\"10.36868/ijcs.2023.02.01\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Due to its resistance and durability, stone is the material most used in construction by humanity. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of urine on granites. Accelerated alteration tests were performed on Grey Itaquera, Pink Itupeva, and Black Piracaia granites – stones from the São Paulo State, Brazil, which were widely used in the historical built heritage of the São Paulo state. The test was performed with 30 cycles of partial immersion of nine samples in artificial urine solution and the sanitising of the specimens, totalling 60 consecutive days of testing. In the first 24 hours, the samples were partially immersed in urine; in the following 24 hours, the samples were sanitised in three different groups: A) without washing; B) washing with natural water; C) washing with a 5:1 solution of natural water with bleach. The alterations induced in the specimens were evaluated by spectrophotometry, P-wave velocity, and scanning electron microscopy. The main results obtained were chromatic alterations and crystallisation of salts on the three types of granite. The study concluded that urine is a substance that can cause moderate alterations in the aesthetics and structure of granitic stones.\",\"PeriodicalId\":45840,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Conservation Science\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-06-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Conservation Science\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.02.01\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"0\",\"JCRName\":\"ART\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Conservation Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.36868/ijcs.2023.02.01","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"0","JCRName":"ART","Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to its resistance and durability, stone is the material most used in construction by humanity. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of urine on granites. Accelerated alteration tests were performed on Grey Itaquera, Pink Itupeva, and Black Piracaia granites – stones from the São Paulo State, Brazil, which were widely used in the historical built heritage of the São Paulo state. The test was performed with 30 cycles of partial immersion of nine samples in artificial urine solution and the sanitising of the specimens, totalling 60 consecutive days of testing. In the first 24 hours, the samples were partially immersed in urine; in the following 24 hours, the samples were sanitised in three different groups: A) without washing; B) washing with natural water; C) washing with a 5:1 solution of natural water with bleach. The alterations induced in the specimens were evaluated by spectrophotometry, P-wave velocity, and scanning electron microscopy. The main results obtained were chromatic alterations and crystallisation of salts on the three types of granite. The study concluded that urine is a substance that can cause moderate alterations in the aesthetics and structure of granitic stones.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Conservation Science (IJCS) is a high quality peer-reviewed journal devoted to the publication of original research papers in applied conservation science and its broad range of applications. IJCS it is an open access journal. All content is freely available without charge to any user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. The topics cover all disciplines and branches of modern scientific conservation, including different aspects on general conservation theory, scientific investigation of works of art, authentication, determination of conservation state, compatibility studies for preservation and restoration procedures and monitoring of interventions effectiveness, etiopathology of historic and natural monuments, studies on the mechanisms of deterioration and degradation for different materials as structural and ornamental elements, impact of the environmental factors or agents on monuments and ecosystems, obtaining and characterization of new materials and procedures for preservation and restoration, new methodologies for scientific investigation, cross-related problems concerning research applied to conservation science, biodiversity conservation. Review articles in selected areas are published from time to time.