欧洲汽车独立街区的驾驶:类型学和系统文献综述

IF 1.7 Q3 URBAN STUDIES Urban Planning Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI:10.17645/up.v8i3.6552
Simone Aumann, Julia Kinigadner, David Duran-Rodas, Benjamin Büttner
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引用次数: 1

摘要

汽车独立社区可以被视为一种克服汽车依赖和实现城市可持续发展目标的规划策略。这意味着人们在结构和心理上对汽车的独立性,表现为对可持续流动的积极态度和看法,接受相应的措施,以及从私家车向主动交通、公共交通和共享模式的转变。尽管它们具有相关性,但关于各种现有战略的实际影响的知识仍然很少。这篇文献综述解决了这一差距,旨在:(a)确定实施的汽车独立社区政策的类型;(b) 探讨它们的原理、主要特征以及对流动行为、心理因素、感知和接受的影响;以及(c)调查它们是如何被评估的。欧洲现有的实施可分为四种类型:独立于汽车的中心区、住宅开发、全市范围的实施和临时干预,它们的理由和范围各不相同。总体而言,与其他类型的住宅相比,很少有人对这一主题进行研究,大多数研究都集中在新建住宅开发上。有证据表明,在相关用例中,可持续流动行为会受到积极影响。然而,由于缺乏全面(纵向)评估,通常不清楚这是因果关系还是相关性。关于实施对心理因素和感知的影响以及它们与流动行为的相互作用,人们知之甚少。对于未来的研究,建议通过长期观察态度和行为变化,评估新建开发项目之外的其他类型的汽车独立干预措施。
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Driving Towards Car-Independent Neighborhoods in Europe: A Typology and Systematic Literature Review
Car-independent neighborhoods can be seen as a planning strategy for overcoming car dependency and achieving urban sustainability goals. This implies a structural and psychological car independency of people, which manifests itself into positive attitudes and perceptions towards sustainable mobility, acceptance of corresponding measures, and a shift from private cars to active transport, public transport, and sharing modes. Despite their relevance, knowledge regarding the actual implications of the various existing strategies remains scarce. This gap is addressed in this literature review, which aims to: (a) identify types of implemented car-independent neighborhood policies; (b) explore their rationales, main characteristics, and implications for mobility behavior, psychological factors, perceptions, and acceptance; and (c) investigate how they have been evaluated. Existing implementations in Europe can be divided into four types: car-independent central areas, residential developments, citywide implementations, and temporary interventions, which differ in their rationales and scope. Overall, little research was found on this topic, with most studies focusing on newly built residential developments, compared to the other types. There is evidence of positive impacts on sustainable mobility behavior in the relevant use cases. However, it is often unclear whether this is a causality or correlation due to the absence of comprehensive (longitudinal) evaluations. Less is known regarding the implications of implementations for psychological factors and perceptions and their interplay with mobility behavior. For future research, it is recommended to evaluate other types of car-independent interventions beyond newly built developments through long-term observation of attitudinal and behavioral changes.
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来源期刊
Urban Planning
Urban Planning URBAN STUDIES-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
124
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Urban Planning is a new international peer-reviewed open access journal of urban studies aimed at advancing understandings and ideas of humankind’s habitats – villages, towns, cities, megacities – in order to promote progress and quality of life. The journal brings urban science and urban planning together with other cross-disciplinary fields such as sociology, ecology, psychology, technology, politics, philosophy, geography, environmental science, economics, maths and computer science, to understand processes influencing urban forms and structures, their relations with environment and life quality, with the final aim to identify patterns towards progress and quality of life.
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