用于监测空间诱导的心血管老化的生物传感器的生物标志物

E. Rehnberg, Katrijn Quaghebeur, Bjorn Baselet, N. Rajan, T. Shazly, L. Moroni, S. Baatout, Kevin Tabury
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摘要

人类在太空中的存在揭示了未来太空任务需要解决的与太空环境有关的几个健康问题。恶劣的太空环境包括辐射和微重力,它们会引起各种病理生理效应。其中包括与心血管系统有关的疾病。一旦暴露在太空环境中,心血管系统就会表现出功能失调和失调的状态,类似于地球上的衰老。随着我们的目标是进行更长时间的月球、火星太空任务,从而进入深空,有必要更好地了解、监测和制定应对这些加速老化过程的对策。因此,生物标志物及其与生物传感器的结合成为了解潜在机制、制定对策和监测加速心血管老化的重要工具。在这篇综述中,我们将简要概述太空环境及其对人类心血管系统的影响。我们列出了与太空相关的已知潜在心血管衰老生物标志物,以及我们目前对心血管衰老潜在机制的了解。我们还详细探讨了所使用的各种生物传感器、它们的规格,以及芯片实验室系统对开发这些生物传感器在即将到来的太空任务中跟踪心血管老化至关重要。
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Biomarkers for biosensors to monitor space-induced cardiovascular ageing
Human presence in space has uncovered several health concerns related to the space environment that need to be addressed for future space missions. The hostile space environment includes radiation and microgravity that cause various pathophysiological effects. Among them are conditions related to the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system shows a dysfunctional and deconditioning state, similar to ageing on Earth, once exposed to the space environment. As we aim for longer space missions to the Moon, Mars, and thus into deep space, better understanding, monitoring, and development of countermeasures for these accelerated ageing processes are necessary. Biomarkers and their integration into biosensors therefore become important tools to understand the underlying mechanisms, develop countermeasures and monitor accelerated cardiovascular ageing. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of the space environment and its effects on the human cardiovascular system. We list the known potential cardiovascular ageing biomarkers relevant to space along with our current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular ageing. We also explore in more details about the various biosensors used, their specifications, and how lab-on-a-chip systems are crucial to the development of these biosensors for tracking cardiovascular ageing during upcoming space missions.
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