传统的耕作方式对保护地中海橄榄林中受威胁的植物至关重要

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2023.108775
Ana Júlia Pereira , Miguel Porto , Otília Correia , Pedro Beja
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于农业集约化,可耕地植物多样性急剧下降,一些可耕地物种目前被列入国家红色名录。这对于传统地中海农业系统的植物群落来说尤其重要。尽管目前对影响这种多样性的因素有了解,但尚不清楚这些可能在数千年的耕作压力下进化而来的群落是如何依赖这种定期的土壤扰动的。这是当今的一个重要问题,因为目前的管理实践侧重于保护地面植被,以保护土壤和其他生物群,通常不包括耕作。在本文中,我们检验了这样一种假设,即传统耕作有利于更专业的可耕地植物,可以预见,这种植物更依赖于规律的土壤扰动。我们在地中海农业体系中解决了这个问题,即葡萄牙南部的传统橄榄林,其特点是每年翻耕土壤。共对90个地块(包含1350个采样象限)进行了采样,并确定了所有植物物种。我们将植物分为四个具有保护意义的目标群体,然后使用联合物种分布模型,以废弃的橄榄林为参考水平,根据三种管理实践对其发生进行建模:耕作、耕种和低强度放牧。结果表明,翻耕是保持可耕地植物多样性的关键因素。耕作对稀有可耕地植物、古生植物和一些红色名录物种的出现产生了积极影响。为了保护这些高价值的植物群落和濒危植物物种,我们建议在这些传统的地中海农业系统上使用减耕技术(如凿耕)来激励耕作。
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Traditional ploughing is critical to the conservation of threatened plants in Mediterranean olive groves

Arable plant diversity has been dramatically declining due to agriculture intensification, with several arable species currently included in national Red Lists. This is particularly relevant in the case of plant communities of the traditional Mediterranean agricultural systems. Despite the current knowledge about the factors affecting this diversity, it is not clear how these communities, which have likely evolved under the pressure of ploughing for millennia, depend on this regular soil disturbance. This is an important issue nowadays, because current management practices focused on the conservation of the ground vegetation cover, to protect soil and other biological groups, often exclude ploughing. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that traditional ploughing is favourable to more specialist arable plants, predictably more dependent on the regular soil disturbance. We address this issue in a Mediterranean agricultural system, the traditional olive groves of Southern Portugal, which is characterized by the annual ploughing of soil. A total of 90 plots containing 1350 sampling quadrats were sampled, and all plant species identified. We categorized plants in four target groups of conservation interest, and then used a joint species distribution model to model their occurrence in relation to three management practices: ploughing, cultivation and low-intensity grazing, using abandoned olive groves as reference level. Results suggest that ploughing is a key factor for the maintenance of arable plant diversity. Ploughing had a positive effect on the occurrence of rare arable plants, archaeophytes and on several Red listed species. In order to conserve these high value plant communities and endangered plant species, we recommend incentivizing ploughing using reduced tillage techniques (e.g. chisel ploughing) on these traditional Mediterranean agricultural systems.

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来源期刊
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
392
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.
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