PEDOT:PSS-based electrochromic materials for flexible and stretchable devices

PEDOT:PSS-based smart electrochromic materials shows fast, real-time and efficient reversible color change due to redox process under influence of electric field. The color changes can directly carry readable visual information by the naked human eyes, showing promising applications in smart display, health monitoring, and energy storage. In this perspective, we summarize the recent progress of PEDOT:PSS-based electrochromic materials and their applications in wearable devices. We start with the electrochromic mechanism, synthesis and properties of various PEDOT:PSS complexes. Flexible and stretchable electrochromic devices, as well as their typical applications are then explored. Finally, we provide an overview of the current challenges and future perspectives for the development of advanced materials engineering and devices application.