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{"title":"关于偶数k$k的k$k$-循环半帧的存在性$","authors":"Li Wang, Haibo Ji, Haitao Cao","doi":"10.1002/jcd.21908","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>A <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>C</mi>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${C}_{k}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mi>g</mi>\n <mi>u</mi>\n </msup>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is a <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>C</mi>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${C}_{k}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>-group divisible design of type <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mi>g</mi>\n <mi>u</mi>\n </msup>\n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n <mrow>\n <mi>X</mi>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mi>G</mi>\n <mo>,</mo>\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\n </mrow>\n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}({\\mathscr{X}},{\\mathscr{G}},{\\rm{ {\\mathcal B} }})$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> in which <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>X</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is the vertex set, <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{G}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is the group set, and the set <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{ {\\mathcal B} }}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> of <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $k$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>-cycles can be written as a disjoint union <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\n <mo>=</mo>\n <mi>P</mi>\n <mo>∪</mo>\n <mi>Q</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\rm{ {\\mathcal B} }}={\\mathscr{P}}\\cup {\\mathscr{Q}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> where <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>P</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{P}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is partitioned into parallel classes on <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>X</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>Q</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{Q}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> is partitioned into holey parallel classes, each parallel class or holey parallel class being a set of vertex disjoint cycles whose vertex sets partition <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>X</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> or <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>X</mi>\n <mspace></mspace>\n <mo>⧹</mo>\n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n <mi>j</mi>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${\\mathscr{X}}\\,\\setminus {G}_{j}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> for some <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>G</mi>\n <mi>j</mi>\n </msub>\n <mo>∈</mo>\n <mi>G</mi>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${G}_{j}\\in {\\mathscr{G}}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>. In this paper, we almost completely solve the existence of a <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>C</mi>\n <mrow>\n <mn>4</mn>\n <mi>k</mi>\n </mrow>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${C}_{4k}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mi>g</mi>\n <mi>u</mi>\n </msup>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> for all <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n <mo>≥</mo>\n <mn>1</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $k\\ge 1$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and a <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msub>\n <mi>C</mi>\n <mrow>\n <mn>4</mn>\n <mi>k</mi>\n <mo>+</mo>\n <mn>2</mn>\n </mrow>\n </msub>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${C}_{4k+2}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <msup>\n <mi>g</mi>\n <mi>u</mi>\n </msup>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> for all <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>k</mi>\n <mo>≥</mo>\n <mn>1</mn>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $k\\ge 1$</annotation>\n </semantics></math> and <math>\n <semantics>\n <mrow>\n <mi>g</mi>\n <mo>≡</mo>\n <mn>0</mn>\n <mspace></mspace>\n <mrow>\n <mo>(</mo>\n <mrow>\n <mi>mod</mi>\n <mspace></mspace>\n <mn>8</mn>\n <mi>k</mi>\n <mo>+</mo>\n <mn>4</mn>\n </mrow>\n <mo>)</mo>\n </mrow>\n </mrow>\n <annotation> $g\\equiv 0\\,(\\mathrm{mod}\\,8k+4)$</annotation>\n </semantics></math>.</p>","PeriodicalId":15389,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Designs","volume":"31 10","pages":"511-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"On the existence of \\n \\n \\n k\\n \\n $k$\\n -cycle semiframes for even \\n \\n \\n k\\n \\n $k$\",\"authors\":\"Li Wang, Haibo Ji, Haitao Cao\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/jcd.21908\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>A <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>C</mi>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${C}_{k}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msup>\\n <mi>g</mi>\\n <mi>u</mi>\\n </msup>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is a <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>C</mi>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${C}_{k}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>-group divisible design of type <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msup>\\n <mi>g</mi>\\n <mi>u</mi>\\n </msup>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>X</mi>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n <mo>,</mo>\\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}({\\\\mathscr{X}},{\\\\mathscr{G}},{\\\\rm{ {\\\\mathcal B} }})$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> in which <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>X</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is the vertex set, <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{G}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is the group set, and the set <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{ {\\\\mathcal B} }}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> of <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $k$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>-cycles can be written as a disjoint union <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>ℬ</mi>\\n <mo>=</mo>\\n <mi>P</mi>\\n <mo>∪</mo>\\n <mi>Q</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\rm{ {\\\\mathcal B} }}={\\\\mathscr{P}}\\\\cup {\\\\mathscr{Q}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> where <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>P</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{P}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is partitioned into parallel classes on <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>X</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>Q</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{Q}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> is partitioned into holey parallel classes, each parallel class or holey parallel class being a set of vertex disjoint cycles whose vertex sets partition <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>X</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{X}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> or <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>X</mi>\\n <mspace></mspace>\\n <mo>⧹</mo>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n <mi>j</mi>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${\\\\mathscr{X}}\\\\,\\\\setminus {G}_{j}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> for some <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n <mi>j</mi>\\n </msub>\\n <mo>∈</mo>\\n <mi>G</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${G}_{j}\\\\in {\\\\mathscr{G}}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>. In this paper, we almost completely solve the existence of a <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>C</mi>\\n <mrow>\\n <mn>4</mn>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n </mrow>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${C}_{4k}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msup>\\n <mi>g</mi>\\n <mi>u</mi>\\n </msup>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> for all <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n <mn>1</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $k\\\\ge 1$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and a <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msub>\\n <mi>C</mi>\\n <mrow>\\n <mn>4</mn>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n <mo>+</mo>\\n <mn>2</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n </msub>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${C}_{4k+2}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>-semiframe of type <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <msup>\\n <mi>g</mi>\\n <mi>u</mi>\\n </msup>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> ${g}^{u}$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> for all <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n <mo>≥</mo>\\n <mn>1</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $k\\\\ge 1$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math> and <math>\\n <semantics>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>g</mi>\\n <mo>≡</mo>\\n <mn>0</mn>\\n <mspace></mspace>\\n <mrow>\\n <mo>(</mo>\\n <mrow>\\n <mi>mod</mi>\\n <mspace></mspace>\\n <mn>8</mn>\\n <mi>k</mi>\\n <mo>+</mo>\\n <mn>4</mn>\\n </mrow>\\n <mo>)</mo>\\n </mrow>\\n </mrow>\\n <annotation> $g\\\\equiv 0\\\\,(\\\\mathrm{mod}\\\\,8k+4)$</annotation>\\n </semantics></math>.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15389,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Combinatorial Designs\",\"volume\":\"31 10\",\"pages\":\"511-530\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Combinatorial Designs\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcd.21908\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Combinatorial Designs","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jcd.21908","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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