欺凌受害和实施的年龄差异:来自跨文化调查的证据

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Aggression and Violent Behavior Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.avb.2023.101888
Leticia López-Castro , Peter K. Smith , Susanne Robinson , Anke Görzig
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引用次数: 0

摘要

学校受害和犯罪率随年龄的增长而变化。然而,研究结果因研究、性别和欺凌类型而异,尤其是线下和线上。我们通过分析3项大规模调查的数据,对年龄趋势进行了全面分析:学龄儿童健康行为调查(HBSC)、欧盟儿童在线调查(EUKO)和国际数学与科学研究趋势调查(TIMSS)。年龄趋势分为U(上升)、S(相同)、D(下降)、P(峰值)或V(低谷)。HBSC和TIMSS的研究结果证实了受害的总体D趋势,尤其是男孩,女孩的P结果更多。HBSC和EUKO的调查结果主要证实了欺凌行为的P(女孩更多)或U(男孩更多)趋势。在2013/14年和2017/18年的最后两个调查期,无论是受害还是犯罪,性别差异都最为明显。网络上的年龄趋势比网络上的更为多样,网络受害者的下降频率似乎低于一般受害者,但在HBSC的数据中,女孩比男孩更多地显示出13岁的P(峰值)年龄趋势。研究结果与年龄变化的理论、青春期时间的性别差异以及对社交媒体网站的兴趣有关。
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Age differences in bullying victimisation and perpetration: Evidence from cross-cultural surveys

School victimisation and perpetration rates change in frequency with age. However, findings vary by study, gender, and type of bullying, especially offline and online. We provide a comprehensive analysis of age trends by analysing data from 3 large-scale surveys: Health Behaviour in School-age Children (HBSC), EU Kids Online (EUKO), and Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Age trends were classified as U (up), S (same), D (down), P (peak), or V (trough). Findings from HBSC and TIMSS confirm a general D trend for victimisation, especially for boys, with rather more P findings for girls. Findings from HBSC and EUKO confirm mainly P (more girls) or U (more boys) trends for bullying perpetration. For both victimisation and perpetration the gender differences are most marked in the last 2 survey periods of 2013/14 and 2017/18. Age trends online are more varied than online, Cyber victimisation appears to decline less often than general victimisation, but girls more than boys show a P (peak) age trend at 13 years in HBSC data. Findings are discussed in relation to theories about the age changes, and the gender differences in relation to both timing of puberty, and interest in social media sites.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
4.30%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: Aggression and Violent Behavior, A Review Journal is a multidisciplinary journal that publishes substantive and integrative reviews, as well as summary reports of innovative ongoing clinical research programs on a wide range of topics germane to the field of aggression and violent behavior. Papers encompass a large variety of issues, populations, and domains, including homicide (serial, spree, and mass murder: sexual homicide), sexual deviance and assault (rape, serial rape, child molestation, paraphilias), child and youth violence (firesetting, gang violence, juvenile sexual offending), family violence (child physical and sexual abuse, child neglect, incest, spouse and elder abuse), genetic predispositions, and the physiological basis of aggression.
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