Matthews Nyasulu, Fabiano Gibson Daud Thulu, Francis Alexander
{"title":"使用MERRA-2再分析对南部非洲城市地区40年大气PM2.5趋势的评估","authors":"Matthews Nyasulu, Fabiano Gibson Daud Thulu, Francis Alexander","doi":"10.1007/s11869-023-01392-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Excess concentration of aerosols with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in atmosphere has significant implications to both climate and human health. For the first time, this study estimated four decades (1980–2021) trends of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in urban locations across Southern Africa using the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) aerosol simulations. The findings show that the highest PM<sub>2.5</sub> is recorded during the peak of biomass burning, September-October-November (SON season) in locations selected over Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Botswana, Namibia, and north of South Africa while during Jun-July-August (JJA season) in locations selected over Southern Mozambique, eastern locations of South Africa, and west of Angola. The lowest PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration is observed during December-January-February (DJF) and March-April-May (MAM) seasons across the region due to increased precipitation which reduces excess PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the atmosphere. The annual concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in most locations exceeds the recent recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) of 5μg m<sup>−3</sup>, hence high threat to human health due to long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Long-term trends showed a significant increase of PM<sub>2.5</sub> over the region during the last four decades, with the highest increment observed during SON season. Implementation of regional measures that can reduce excess PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration is therefore required across the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49109,"journal":{"name":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"An assessment of four decades atmospheric PM2.5 trends in urban locations over Southern Africa using MERRA-2 reanalysis\",\"authors\":\"Matthews Nyasulu, Fabiano Gibson Daud Thulu, Francis Alexander\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11869-023-01392-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Excess concentration of aerosols with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) in atmosphere has significant implications to both climate and human health. For the first time, this study estimated four decades (1980–2021) trends of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in urban locations across Southern Africa using the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) aerosol simulations. The findings show that the highest PM<sub>2.5</sub> is recorded during the peak of biomass burning, September-October-November (SON season) in locations selected over Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Botswana, Namibia, and north of South Africa while during Jun-July-August (JJA season) in locations selected over Southern Mozambique, eastern locations of South Africa, and west of Angola. The lowest PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration is observed during December-January-February (DJF) and March-April-May (MAM) seasons across the region due to increased precipitation which reduces excess PM<sub>2.5</sub> in the atmosphere. The annual concentration of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in most locations exceeds the recent recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) of 5μg m<sup>−3</sup>, hence high threat to human health due to long-term exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>. Long-term trends showed a significant increase of PM<sub>2.5</sub> over the region during the last four decades, with the highest increment observed during SON season. Implementation of regional measures that can reduce excess PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration is therefore required across the region.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49109,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-12\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"93\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11869-023-01392-3\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Air Quality Atmosphere and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11869-023-01392-3","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
An assessment of four decades atmospheric PM2.5 trends in urban locations over Southern Africa using MERRA-2 reanalysis
Excess concentration of aerosols with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) in atmosphere has significant implications to both climate and human health. For the first time, this study estimated four decades (1980–2021) trends of PM2.5 in urban locations across Southern Africa using the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) aerosol simulations. The findings show that the highest PM2.5 is recorded during the peak of biomass burning, September-October-November (SON season) in locations selected over Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Botswana, Namibia, and north of South Africa while during Jun-July-August (JJA season) in locations selected over Southern Mozambique, eastern locations of South Africa, and west of Angola. The lowest PM2.5 concentration is observed during December-January-February (DJF) and March-April-May (MAM) seasons across the region due to increased precipitation which reduces excess PM2.5 in the atmosphere. The annual concentration of PM2.5 in most locations exceeds the recent recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021) of 5μg m−3, hence high threat to human health due to long-term exposure to PM2.5. Long-term trends showed a significant increase of PM2.5 over the region during the last four decades, with the highest increment observed during SON season. Implementation of regional measures that can reduce excess PM2.5 concentration is therefore required across the region.
期刊介绍：
Air Quality, Atmosphere, and Health is a multidisciplinary journal which, by its very name, illustrates the broad range of work it publishes and which focuses on atmospheric consequences of human activities and their implications for human and ecological health.
It offers research papers, critical literature reviews and commentaries, as well as special issues devoted to topical subjects or themes.
International in scope, the journal presents papers that inform and stimulate a global readership, as the topic addressed are global in their import. Consequently, we do not encourage submission of papers involving local data that relate to local problems. Unless they demonstrate wide applicability, these are better submitted to national or regional journals.
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health addresses such topics as acid precipitation; airborne particulate matter; air quality monitoring and management; exposure assessment; risk assessment; indoor air quality; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric modeling and prediction; air pollution climatology; climate change and air quality; air pollution measurement; atmospheric impact assessment; forest-fire emissions; atmospheric science; greenhouse gases; health and ecological effects; clean air technology; regional and global change and satellite measurements.
This journal benefits a diverse audience of researchers, public health officials and policy makers addressing problems that call for solutions based in evidence from atmospheric and exposure assessment scientists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors. Publication in the journal affords the opportunity to reach beyond defined disciplinary niches to this broader readership.
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