EngAge - 补充工作记忆训练的元认知干预:老年人可行性研究

IF 1.7 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Aging brain Pub Date : 2023-07-07 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100083
Susanne M Jaeggi, Alexandria N Weaver, Elena Carbone, Francesca E Trane, Rachel N Smith-Peirce, Martin Buschkuehl, Christoph Flueckiger, Madison Carlson, John Jonides, Erika Borella
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引用次数: 0

摘要

工作记忆(WM)训练在支持老年人群的认知功能方面已显示出良好的前景,但在训练任务之外的效果却并不一致。鉴于元认知和动机因素已被证明会影响老年人对具有挑战性的认知活动(如工作记忆训练)的参与,因此孤立地针对认知过程可能是一个限制因素。目前的可行性研究在对老年人进行 WM 训练的同时实施了一种新型的元认知干预,与单独的 WM 或主动控制训练相比,该研究考察了元认知干预对认知和自我报告结果可能产生的短期和长期影响。119 名老年人在家中完成了 20 个疗程的认知训练。认知训练针对的是 WM 或常识。此外,其中一个 WM 训练组还通过小组研讨会完成了一项元认知计划。我们测试了WM、抑制控制和外显记忆的组间差异,并评估了参与者的自我效能感和日常记忆失败情况。在后期测试中,我们重复了之前的工作,证明完成 WM 干预的参与者在非训练 WM 测量中的表现优于积极对照组,而且在一定程度上,在抑制控制方面也优于积极对照组。但是,我们没有发现任何证据表明,补充元认知计划带来的益处超过了 WM 干预。尽管如此,考虑到初步的长期效果和参与者的积极反馈,我们得出结论认为,我们的元认知计划是朝着正确方向迈出的一步,但还需要更多的纵向数据和更大的样本量来证实这些早期发现。
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EngAge - A metacognitive intervention to supplement working memory training: A feasibility study in older adults.

Working Memory (WM) training has shown promise in supporting cognitive functioning in older adult populations, but effects that generalize beyond the trained task have been inconsistent. Targeting cognitive processes in isolation might be a limiting factor given that metacognitive and motivational factors have been shown to impact older adults' engagement with challenging cognitive activities, such as WM training. The current feasibility study implemented a novel metacognitive intervention in conjunction with WM training in older adults and examined its potential amplifying short- and long-term effects on cognitive and self-report outcomes as compared to WM or active control training alone. One-hundred and nineteen older adults completed a cognitive training over the course of 20 sessions at home. The cognitive training targeted either WM or general knowledge. In addition, one of the WM training groups completed a metacognitive program via group seminars. We tested for group differences in WM, inhibitory control, and episodic memory, and we assessed participants' perceived self-efficacy and everyday memory failures. At post-test, we replicated earlier work by demonstrating that participants who completed the WM intervention outperformed the active control group in non-trained WM measures, and to some extent, in inhibitory control. However, we found no evidence that the supplemental metacognitive program led to benefits over and above the WM intervention. Nonetheless, we conclude that our metacognitive program is a step in the right direction given the tentative long-term effects and participants' positive feedback, but more longitudinal data with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these early findings.

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Aging brain
Aging brain Neuroscience (General), Geriatrics and Gerontology
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