身处罗马:跨文化学习及其对培训的影响

IF 3.1 Q2 MANAGEMENT Research in Organizational Behavior Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.riob.2014.09.003
Michael W. Morris , Krishna Savani , Shira Mor , Jaee Cho
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引用次数: 65

摘要

学习需要获取和使用知识。个人如何获得另一种文化的知识?他们如何运用这些知识,以便在新的文化环境中熟练地工作?什么样的培训能促进跨文化学习?这些问题在许多应用研究和基础研究的文献中都有涉及,但概念、方法和措施各不相同。在本文中,我们回顾了这些不同文献的见解。我们注意到对移民、外籍管理人员和交换学生的调查研究结果之间的相似之处。我们还利用基于实验的学习研究来提出跨文化学习中涉及的认知过程。在第一部分中,我们将重点关注文化知识的获取,回顾长期以来关于移民文化适应和外籍人士适应的文献,调查跨文化适应和表现的前因。在第二部分中,我们着重于展示熟练程度,研究新来者如何利用他们的文化背景知识来调整他们的行为和判断。我们根据预测表现的个体差异和情境条件的研究结果,建议根据情境因素调整行为和判断,以最佳地利用文化知识。
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When in Rome: Intercultural learning and implications for training

Learning requires acquiring and using knowledge. How do individuals acquire knowledge of another culture? How do they use this knowledge in order to operate proficiently in a new cultural setting? What kinds of training would foster intercultural learning? These questions have been addressed in many literatures of applied and basic research, featuring disparate concepts, methods and measures. In this paper, we review the insights from these different literatures. We note parallels among findings of survey research on immigrants, expatriate managers, and exchange students. We also draw on experiment-based research on learning to propose the cognitive processes involved in intercultural learning. In the first section, we focus on acquiring cultural knowledge, reviewing longstanding literatures on immigrant acculturation and expatriate adjustment investigating antecedents of intercultural adjustment and performance. In the second section, we focus on displaying proficiency, examining how newcomers to a cultural setting deploy their knowledge of it in order to adjust their behavior and judgments. We draw upon findings about individual differences and situational conditions that predict performance to suggest training for optimal use of cultural knowledge by adapting behaviors and judgments according to situational factors.

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来源期刊
Research in Organizational Behavior
Research in Organizational Behavior Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
1.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
期刊介绍: Research in Organizational Behavior publishes commissioned papers only, spanning several levels of analysis, and ranging from studies of individuals to groups to organizations and their environments. The topics encompassed are likewise diverse, covering issues from individual emotion and cognition to social movements and networks. Cutting across this diversity, however, is a rather consistent quality of presentation. Being both thorough and thoughtful, Research in Organizational Behavior is commissioned pieces provide substantial contributions to research on organizations. Many have received rewards for their level of scholarship and many have become classics in the field of organizational research.
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