Xu Hong, Zhu Qing, Wang Chang-an, Zhao Zhi-gang, Luo Ling, Wang Lian-sheng, Li Jin-nan, Xu Qi-you
{"title":"饲料中添加丙氨酰-谷氨酰胺对鲤幼鱼生长性能、肠道发育、抗氧化状态和血浆非特异性免疫的影响","authors":"Xu Hong, Zhu Qing, Wang Chang-an, Zhao Zhi-gang, Luo Ling, Wang Lian-sheng, Li Jin-nan, Xu Qi-you","doi":"10.1016/S1006-8104(15)30018-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exogenous alanyl-glutamine (Aln-Gln) was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> L.). Six diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> of Aln-Gln were fed to fish for 12 weeks. Supplementation with 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> of Aln-Gln significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), but feed conservation rate (FCR) and survival were not affected (<em>P</em>>0.05). The intestinal fold height and number, digestive enzyme, Na+, K+-ATPase activities was found to be significantly high (<em>P</em><0.05) with increasing dietary Aln-Gln supplementation up to 7.5 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>, but there were no significant differences for Aln-Gln supplementation from 7.5 to 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>. The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) in the intestine, hepatopancreas, plasma and muscles. The plasma complement-3 (C3) and complement-4 (C4) levels were significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) improved at 5.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> level and decreased when over 7.5 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>. The plasma lysozyme (LSZ) activity increased significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) at 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> level. In summary, the results showed that Aln-Gln improved growth performance, development and function of the intestine, the activity of the antioxidant defense system and the plasma non-specific immunity of the carps. The optimal Aln-Gln level was 8.24 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> diet for WGR based on broken-line regression model analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":58038,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Northeast Agricultural UniversityEnglish Edition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1006-8104(15)30018-0","citationCount":"16","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Dietary Alanyl-glutamine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Development of Intestinal Tract, Antioxidant Status and Plasma Non-specific Immunity of Young Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)\",\"authors\":\"Xu Hong, Zhu Qing, Wang Chang-an, Zhao Zhi-gang, Luo Ling, Wang Lian-sheng, Li Jin-nan, Xu Qi-you\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/S1006-8104(15)30018-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Exogenous alanyl-glutamine (Aln-Gln) was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> L.). Six diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> of Aln-Gln were fed to fish for 12 weeks. Supplementation with 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> of Aln-Gln significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), but feed conservation rate (FCR) and survival were not affected (<em>P</em>>0.05). The intestinal fold height and number, digestive enzyme, Na+, K+-ATPase activities was found to be significantly high (<em>P</em><0.05) with increasing dietary Aln-Gln supplementation up to 7.5 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>, but there were no significant differences for Aln-Gln supplementation from 7.5 to 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>. The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) in the intestine, hepatopancreas, plasma and muscles. The plasma complement-3 (C3) and complement-4 (C4) levels were significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) improved at 5.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> level and decreased when over 7.5 g · kg<sup>−1</sup>. The plasma lysozyme (LSZ) activity increased significantly (<em>P</em><0.05) at 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> level. In summary, the results showed that Aln-Gln improved growth performance, development and function of the intestine, the activity of the antioxidant defense system and the plasma non-specific immunity of the carps. The optimal Aln-Gln level was 8.24 g · kg<sup>−1</sup> diet for WGR based on broken-line regression model analysis.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":58038,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Northeast Agricultural UniversityEnglish Edition\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2014-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1006-8104(15)30018-0\",\"citationCount\":\"16\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Northeast Agricultural UniversityEnglish Edition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"91\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1006810415300180\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Northeast Agricultural UniversityEnglish Edition","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1006810415300180","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Dietary Alanyl-glutamine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Development of Intestinal Tract, Antioxidant Status and Plasma Non-specific Immunity of Young Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Exogenous alanyl-glutamine (Aln-Gln) was evaluated for its effects on growth performance, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant status and non-specific immunity of young carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Six diets supplemented with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg−1 of Aln-Gln were fed to fish for 12 weeks. Supplementation with 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg−1 of Aln-Gln significantly increased weight gain rate (WGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), but feed conservation rate (FCR) and survival were not affected (P>0.05). The intestinal fold height and number, digestive enzyme, Na+, K+-ATPase activities was found to be significantly high (P<0.05) with increasing dietary Aln-Gln supplementation up to 7.5 g · kg−1, but there were no significant differences for Aln-Gln supplementation from 7.5 to 15.0 g · kg−1. The glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the intestine, hepatopancreas, plasma and muscles. The plasma complement-3 (C3) and complement-4 (C4) levels were significantly (P<0.05) improved at 5.0 g · kg−1 level and decreased when over 7.5 g · kg−1. The plasma lysozyme (LSZ) activity increased significantly (P<0.05) at 7.5, 10.0, or 15.0 g · kg−1 level. In summary, the results showed that Aln-Gln improved growth performance, development and function of the intestine, the activity of the antioxidant defense system and the plasma non-specific immunity of the carps. The optimal Aln-Gln level was 8.24 g · kg−1 diet for WGR based on broken-line regression model analysis.