公众信任与生物技术创新:可信监管理论(可怕!)技术

IF 0.3 4区 哲学 Q4 ETHICS Social Philosophy & Policy Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1017/S0265052522000036
C. Wolf
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引用次数: 2

摘要

监管机构旨在通过缓和与创新相关的风险来保护公众,但良好的监管制度还应促进合理的公众信任。在介绍了美国农业部2020年生物技术创新监管安全规则作为案例研究之后,本文发展了一种合理的公众信任监管理论。根据这里提出的理论,要想值得信赖,监管制度必须(1)公平有效地管理风险,必须(2)在相关意义上“以科学为基础”,此外还必须(3)真实,(4)透明,(5)对公众意见作出反应。用这些规范来评估,美国农业部安全规则显示出严重的缺陷,因为它不能适当地管理风险,同样也不能满足合理信任的其他规范要求。该论点指出了安全规则本身可能得到改进的方式,但更广泛地为评估值得信赖的监管政策制定提供了一个规范性框架。
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PUBLIC TRUST AND BIOTECH INNOVATION: A THEORY OF TRUSTWORTHY REGULATION OF (SCARY!) TECHNOLOGY
Abstract Regulatory agencies aim to protect the public by moderating risks associated with innovation, but a good regulatory regime should also promote justified public trust. After introducing the USDA 2020 SECURE Rule for regulation of biotech innovation as a case study, this essay develops a theory of justified public trust in regulation. On the theory advanced here, to be trustworthy, a regulatory regime must (1) fairly and effectively manage risk, must be (2) “science based” in the relevant sense, and must in addition be (3) truthful, (4) transparent, and (5) responsive to public input. Evaluated with these norms, the USDA SECURE Rule is shown to be deeply flawed, since it fails appropriately to manage risk, and similarly fails to satisfy other normative requirements for justified trust. The argument identifies ways in which the SECURE Rule itself might be improved, but more broadly provides a normative framework for the evaluation of trustworthy regulatory policy-making.
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来源期刊
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期刊介绍: Social Philosophy and Policy is an interdisciplinary journal with an emphasis on the philosophical underpinnings of enduring social policy debates. The issues are thematic in format, examining a specific area of concern with contributions from scholars in different disciplines, especially philosophy, economics, political science and law. While not primarily a journal of policy prescriptions, some articles in each issue will typically connect theory with practice. The 2006 issues are "Justice and Global Politics" and "Taxation, Economic Prosperity, and Distributive Justice". The 2007 issues will be "Liberalism: Old and New" and "Ancient Greek Political Theory".
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