南北战争前美国众议院的国会薪酬和反应

IF 0.5 3区 社会学 Q4 POLITICAL SCIENCE Studies in American Political Development Pub Date : 2022-08-26 DOI:10.1017/S0898588X2200013X
J. Baughman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

自1816年第一次尝试提高国会薪酬以来,选民们就对议员们提高自己的薪酬进行了严厉的评判。在关于1856年补偿法案的辩论中,议员们承认,1816年的经历仍然笼罩着他们,尽管他们在教训是否应该增加工资或不应该用工资代替每日津贴的问题上存在分歧。最后,他们两者都做到了。然而,与1816年和1873年的“抢工资”不同的是,很少有人直接受到选民的惩罚,法律也没有被废除。政党制度的分裂使得代表们可以转移责任,模糊责任。选举的时机和反腐败条款的增加进一步限制了反弹。参议员们认识到众议院选举的危险,因此建立了一个广泛的多党联盟,以通过该法案。虽然代表们对选民的判断很敏感,但尽管有这样的判断,多党国会的短暂时期有助于采用以工资为基础的补偿,使后来的专业化成为可能。
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Congressional Pay and Responsiveness in the Antebellum U.S. House of Representatives
Abstract From the first attempt to raise congressional pay in 1816, voters have judged members harshly for increasing their own compensation. During debates on the Compensation Act of 1856, members acknowledged that the experience of 1816 still loomed over them, though they disagreed about whether the lesson was not to increase pay or not to replace the per diem with a salary. In the end, they did both. Unlike the “salary grabs” of 1816 and 1873, however, few were punished directly by voters and the law was not repealed. The splintering of the party system allowed representatives to shift responsibility and obscure accountability. The timing of elections and addition of anticorruption provisions further limited backlash. Senators recognized the electoral jeopardy of representatives and so built a broad multiparty coalition for passage. While representatives were sensitive to the judgment of voters, the brief period of a multiparty Congress aided adoption of salary-based compensation in spite of that judgment, making possible later moves toward professionalization.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
12.50%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Studies in American Political Development (SAPD) publishes scholarship on political change and institutional development in the United States from a variety of theoretical viewpoints. Articles focus on governmental institutions over time and on their social, economic and cultural setting. In-depth presentation in a longer format allows contributors to elaborate on the complex patterns of state-society relations. SAPD encourages an interdisciplinary approach and recognizes the value of comparative perspectives.
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