“美拉尼西亚”

IF 0.4 4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY JOURNAL OF PACIFIC HISTORY Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI:10.1080/00223344.2012.760839
S. Lawson
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引用次数: 31

摘要

“美拉尼西亚”一词部分是地理上的,部分是文化上的,指的是太平洋岛屿的一个次区域,它已经成为普通描述性语言的一部分,与其他太平洋岛屿世界的分类术语一起,即波利尼西亚和密克罗尼西亚。然而,“美拉尼西亚”远不只是一个描述。这个词被赋予了各种各样的意义,既有消极的含义,也有积极的含义。本文概述了美拉尼西亚概念的发展方式,从种族主义民族志的起源到后殖民时期。这表明,尽管许多学者现在发现这个术语存在问题,因为它与欧洲的探索和殖民以及其中嵌入的种族主义有历史联系,但“美拉尼西亚”对许多使用该术语的人来说已经获得了积极的意义和相关性。
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‘Melanesia’
The term ‘Melanesia’ is a partly geographic, partly cultural referent to a subregion of the island Pacific that has become very much part of ordinary descriptive language along with terms categorising other parts of the Pacific island world, namely Polynesia and Micronesia. Yet ‘Melanesia’ is much more than a descriptor. The term has been loaded with significance in a variety of ways, carrying with it both negative and positive connotations. This paper provides an overview of the way in which the idea of Melanesia has developed, from its origins in racialist ethnography through to the postcolonial period. It suggests that, although a number of scholars now find the term problematic because of its historical associations with European exploration and colonisation and the racism embedded in these, ‘Melanesia’ has acquired a positive meaning and relevance for many of those to whom the term applies.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
33.30%
发文量
54
期刊介绍: The Journal of Pacific History is a refereed international journal serving historians, prehistorians, anthropologists and others interested in the study of mankind in the Pacific Islands (including Hawaii and New Guinea), and is concerned generally with political, economic, religious and cultural factors affecting human presence there. It publishes articles, annotated previously unpublished manuscripts, notes on source material and comment on current affairs. It also welcomes articles on other geographical regions, such as Africa and Southeast Asia, or of a theoretical character, where these are concerned with problems of significance in the Pacific.
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