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A Political History of the Subject: Brij V. Lal on Leadership 主题的政治史:布里杰·v·拉尔论领导力
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2271126
Jack Corbett
ABSTRACTBrij V. Lal was the most prolific writer on post-colonial politics in Fiji. Many of these writings concerned political leaders and the nature of political leadership. Biographies of A.D. Patel and Jai Ram Reddy stand out, but Lal's other writings on politics nevertheless foregrounded people, and the way their personalities shaped, and were shaped by, the times in which they lived. In this article I consider how this biographer’s sensibility implicitly invokes a theory of political leadership and re-read Lal’s contribution to the study of politics in Fiji from this standpoint. I argue that his ‘political history of the subject’ offers both a justification for, and approach to, studying leadership in a person-centred way.Key words: Brij V. LalFijileadershipbiographyPacific history Notes1 Barbara Kellerman and Scott W. Webster, ‘The Recent Literature on Public Leadership Reviewed and Considered’, Leadership Quarterly 12, no. 4 (2001): 490.2 Lal in Jack Corbett, ‘Curtain Call’ [interview with Brij V. Lal], Bearing Witness: Essays in Honour of Brij V. Lal. ed. Doug Munro and Jack Corbett (Canberra: ANU Press, 2017), 57.3 Brij V. Lal, Broken Waves: A History of the Fiji Islands in the Twentieth Century (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1992), xvii.4 Another is that the study of political leadership is nowhere near as global in its coverage as it should be.5 Jack Corbett, ‘Meetings with the Three Lals: That’s Brij Lal, Professor Lal and Brij V. Lal’, in Munro and Corbett, Bearing Witness, 289.6 Brij V. Lal, ‘End of a Phase of History: Writing the Life of a Reluctant Fiji Politician’, in Political Life Writing in the Pacific: Reflections on Practice, ed. Jack Corbett and Brij V. Lal (Canberra: ANU Press, 2015), 71.7 E.g., John Boswell, Jack Corbett, and R.A.W. Rhodes, The Art and Craft of Comparison (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019); Jack Corbett, ‘Where do Leaders come From? A Leader-Centred Approach’, Developmental Leadership Program Foundational Paper, 1 Sept. 2019, https://www.dlprog.org/publications/foundational-papers/where-do-leaders-come-from (accessed 29 Sept. 2023).8 Chris Gregory, ‘History as Concealed Autobiography? Brij Lal’s Historical Dictionary of Fiji’, Journal of Pacific History (hereinafter JPH) 52, no. 1 (2017): 109.9 Brij V. Lal, A Vision for Change: A.D. Patel and the Politics of Fiji (Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, Australian National University, 1997). Lal provides the background to the dramatis personae in his Historical Dictionary of Fiji (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2105), where his biographer’s sensibility is on display. Also useful is an earlier dictionary of Fiji biography: Stewart Firth and Daryl Tarte, eds, 20th Century Fiji: People who Shaped this Nation (Suva: USP Solutions, 2001).10 Published in Pacific Studies 18, no. 1 (1994): 31–77. Sitiveni Rabuka (b. 1948) was the public face of the coup in 1987. He subsequently served as prime minister (1992–9) and again from Dec
摘要布里吉·v·拉尔是斐济最多产的后殖民政治作家。这些著作中有许多是关于政治领袖和政治领袖的本质的。帕特尔(ad . Patel)和瑞迪(Jai Ram Reddy)的传记最为突出,但拉尔其他有关政治的著作仍然着眼于人物,以及他们的个性如何塑造了他们所生活的时代,以及他们的时代如何塑造了他们。在这篇文章中,我考虑这位传记作者的感性如何隐含地援引了政治领导理论,并从这个角度重新阅读Lal对斐济政治研究的贡献。我认为,他的“这一主题的政治史”为以人为本的方式研究领导力提供了理由和方法。关键词:Brij V. laljjleleleadership传记太平洋历史注释1 Barbara Kellerman和Scott W. Webster,“公共领导力的最新文献回顾与思考”,《领导力季刊》第12期。拉尔在杰克·科比特的《谢幕》[采访布里杰·v·拉尔],《见证:纪念布里杰·v·拉尔的散文》(2001):490.2Doug Munro和Jack Corbett主编(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2017年),57.3 Brij V. Lal,破碎的海浪:20世纪斐济群岛的历史(檀香山:夏威夷大学出版社,1992年),第17页另一个原因是,对政治领导力的研究在其覆盖范围上远远没有达到应有的全球性杰克Corbett,会见三拉尔:玻雷吉Lal,拉尔教授和玻雷吉诉Lal”,Munro和Corbett见证,289.6玻雷吉诉Lal”的历史阶段:写一个不情愿的斐济的政治家的生活”,在政治生活在太平洋:反思实践,杰克。科贝特和玻雷吉诉Lal(堪培拉:澳洲国立大学出版社,2015年),71.7如约翰·博斯韦尔杰克Corbett R.A.W.罗兹,艺术和工艺的比较(剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,2019);杰克·科比特:《领导者从何而来?》7 .《以领导者为中心的方法》,《发展领导力项目基础论文》,2019年9月1日,https://www.dlprog.org/publications/foundational-papers/where-do-leaders-come-from(2023年9月29日访问)克里斯·格里高利《历史是隐藏的自传?《布里吉·拉尔斐济历史词典》,《太平洋历史杂志》(以下简称《JPH》)第52期。《变革的愿景:帕特尔与斐济政治》(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学国家发展研究中心,1997)。拉尔在他的《斐济历史词典》(兰厄姆,医学博士:罗曼和利特菲尔德,2105)中提供了戏剧人物的背景,他的传记作者的敏感性在其中得到了展示。同样有用的还有一本较早的斐济传记词典:Stewart Firth和Daryl Tarte,主编,20世纪的斐济:塑造这个国家的人(苏瓦:USP Solutions, 2001)发表于《太平洋研究》第18期。1(1994): 31-77。Sitiveni Rabuka(生于1948年)是1987年政变的公众人物。随后,他担任总理(1992-9),并在担任一段时间的反对党领袖后,于2022年12月再次担任总理发表于JPH第37期。1(2002): 87-101。George Speight(生于1957年)以维护斐济民族利益为借口煽动了2000年的政变;他因叛国罪被判终身监禁,目前正在服刑发表于JPH第49期。4(2014): 457-68。Voreqe (Frank) Bainimarama(1954年出生)在2006年推翻恩加拉塞政府时是斐济武装部队的指挥官。他在2007年至2022年期间担任斐济总理,直到他的斐济第一党在选举中失败参见Brij V. Lal,“人民的声音:斐济的族群认同与国家建设”,《新太平洋评论》第1期,第1期。1(1999): 127-14.14拉图·卡马塞塞·马拉爵士(1920-2004),联盟党领袖,曾任斐济首席部长(1967-70)和总理(1970-92)。从1993年起,他担任副总统和总统,直到乔治·斯佩特在2000年发动政变。Brij V. Lal,“酋长和印第安人:当代斐济的选举和政治”,《当代太平洋》第5期,第5期。2(1999): 283.16例如,Jim Bulpitt,“历史政治:宏观,时间,统治制度分析”,当代政治研究,Joni Lovenduski和Jeffrey Stanyer编辑,第2卷(贝尔法斯特:政治研究协会,1995),510-20;大卫·m·克雷格,“高级政治”与“新政治史”,《历史杂志》第53期。2 (2010): 453-75.17 James Walter,“政治领导”,《澳大利亚政府与政治》,Alan Fenna, Jane Robbins和John Summer主编(悉尼:Pearson Australia, 2014), 244 - 58.18 Brij V. Lal, Girmitiyas:斐济印第安人的起源(堪培拉:太平洋历史杂志,1983)20 .详见Robert Elgie,《政治领导力研究:基础与竞争账户》(贝辛斯托克:Palgrave Macmillan出版社,2015)引自Lal,变革的展望,第七21页拉尔认为Jai Ram Reddy(1937-2022)是“后殖民时期斐济最重要的印裔斐济领导人”。玻雷吉V。 拉尔,《风暴之眼:贾伊·拉姆·雷迪与后殖民时期斐济的政治》(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2010),第13页。他是一位杰出的法学家,在离开政界后,于21世纪初成为卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭的成员莱塞尼亚·恩加拉塞(1941-2020),前银行家,2000 - 2006年任斐济总理,2006年被姆拜尼马拉马罢黜拉尔,《在乔治·斯佩特的阴影下》,90.24拉尔,《变革的愿景》,第16期,第25页拉尔,《在风暴之眼》,14 - 15页如上,xv.27同上28埃尔吉:《政治领导力研究》,同上29,第29页拉尔,《历史一个阶段的结束》,63.31格列高利,《历史作为隐藏的自传》,110.32拉尔,《在风暴之眼》,第33页拉尔,《历史上一个阶段的结束》,68.34拉尔在科贝特,《谢幕》,61;拉尔,破碎的海浪,第17页;拉尔,《在风暴之眼》,第16卷,第35页拉尔:《变革的愿景》,第18期,第36页拉尔:《在风暴之眼》,第17卷,第37页如上,xvii.38布里吉·v·拉尔,《五月的疯狂:乔治·斯佩特和现代斐济的毁灭》,《暴风雨前的斐济:选举和发展的政治》,布里吉·v·拉尔主编(堪培拉:亚太出版社,2000年),180.39同上,181.40布里吉·v·拉尔,《我们土地上的焦虑、不确定性和恐惧》:斐济通往军事政变的道路,2006年》,圆桌会议96号。389(2007): 135-53.41参见,例如,Brij V. Lal,“酋长和印第安人:当代斐济的选举和政治”,《当代太平洋》第5期。2(1993): 275-301,与拉布卡在拉尔的“缓和影响”相比,“今天中午的日落”,在政变:对斐济政治危机的反思,布里吉·v·拉尔和迈克尔·普雷斯(堪培拉:Pandanus Books, 2001), 9.42布里吉·v·拉尔,一个定时炸弹被埋:斐济的独立之路,1960-1970(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2008)
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Editors’ Introduction: Brij V. Lal and the Contemporary Politics of Fiji 编者简介:《布里吉·v·拉尔与斐济当代政治》
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2254715
Doug Munro, Jon Fraenkel
ABSTRACTThis special issue of the Journal of Pacific History brings together several scholars, who were close to Professor Brij Lal, to write on the contemporary politics of Fiji. Brij died on 25 December 2021.Key words: Brij V. LalFiji politicsconstitution-makingforeign policyelections AcknowledgementWe thank Satyendra Peerthum for his assistance.Notes1 Brij V. Lal, Girmitiyas: The Origins of the Fiji Indians (Canberra: The Journal of Pacific History, 1983); Clem Seecharan, ‘Foreword: Girmitiyas and my Discovery of India’, in Lal, ed., Girmitiyas: The Origins of the Fiji Indians, 2nd ed. (Lautoka: Fiji Institute of Applied Studies, 2004), 1–26; Lance Brennan and Ralph Shlomowitz, ‘Reflections on Brij Lal’s Girmitiyas: The Origins of the Fiji Indians’, in Bearing Witness: Essays in Honour of Brij V. Lal, ed. Doug Munro and Jack Corbett (Canberra: ANU Press, 2017), 117–26; Goolam Vahed, ‘Rooting for History’, in Munro and Corbett, eds, Bearing Witness, 65–85; Ashutosh Kumar, Coolies of the Empire: Indentured Indians in the Sugar Colonies, 1830–1920 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017), 6–8.2 Doug Munro, ‘Bibliography of Brij V. Lal’s Academic Writings’, in Bearing Witness, ed. Munro and Corbett, 307–30. Eighteen of Brij’s books were written for or reissued by ANU Press and are available as free downloads: https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/authors-editors/brij-v-lal.3 E.g., History Professor Brij Lal: His Life and Legacies, 16 Jan. 2022, https://indocaribbeanpublications.com/2022/01/29/video-recording-history-professor-brij-lal-his-life-and-legacies-by-staff-reporter/ (accessed 21 Aug. 2023); Indo-Caribbean Cultural Centre, ‘Celebrating Early Indian Intellectuals of the Diaspora’, YouTube video, 2:35:59, 1 May 2022, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bU-ydkDHCVs&ab_channel=Indo-CaribbeanCulturalCentre (accessed 21 Aug. 2023). Both Zoom public meetings were jointly hosted by the Indo-Caribbean Cultural Centre, Trinidad and Tobago; Ameena Gafoor Institute, London; and 1860 Heritage Centre, Greyville, KwaZulu-Natal. There were also keynote lectures and tribute sessions on Brij at ‘Celebrating Girmitiya Lives’ (Fourth Global Girmit Institute Conference, University of the South Pacific, Suva, 12–13 May 2023); ‘Legacy of Slavery and Indentured Labour 3 Conference’ (Anton de Korn University of Suriname, 6–10 June 2023); ‘Colloque: Dire l’engagisme dans l’ocean Indien: histoire, circulations, pluralitès’ (Le Centre des arts et de culture, Saint-Denis, Réunion, 2–4 Aug. 2023).4 For a biographical study of Brij, see Doug Munro, The Ivory Tower and Beyond: Participant Historians of the Pacific (Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009), 243–309.5 Most of this corpus is gathered together in Brij V. Lal, Chalo Jahaji: On a Journey through Indenture in Fiji (Canberra: Division of Pacific and Asian History, Australian National University; Suva: Fiji Museum, 2000).6 Brij V. Lal, ed., Politics in Fiji: Studies in Contemporary History (Sydn
《太平洋历史杂志》的这期特刊汇集了几位与Brij Lal教授关系密切的学者,撰写斐济当代政治的文章。布里吉于2021年12月25日去世。关键词:布里吉·v·拉尔斐济政治制宪外交政策选举感谢萨蒂延德拉·皮尔图姆的协助。注1 Brij V. Lal, Girmitiyas:斐济印第安人的起源(堪培拉:《太平洋历史杂志》,1983年);Clem Seecharan,“前言:Girmitiyas和我对印度的发现”,在Lal主编,Girmitiyas:斐济印第安人的起源,第2版(Lautoka:斐济应用研究所,2004),1-26;兰斯·布伦南和拉尔夫·什洛莫维茨,《对布里吉·拉尔的Girmitiyas的反思:斐济印第安人的起源》,载于《见证:纪念布里吉·v·拉尔的论文》,道格·门罗和杰克·科比特主编(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2017),117-26页;古兰·瓦赫德,《为历史扎根》,蒙罗和科贝特主编,《见证》,65-85页;阿舒托什·库马尔,《帝国的苦力:1830-1920年食糖殖民地的契约印第安人》(剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,2017),6-8.2道格·门罗,《布里吉·v·拉尔学术著作参考书目》,载于《见证》,门罗和科贝特主编,307-30页。布里吉的18本书是为澳大利亚国立大学出版社编写或重新发行的,可以免费下载:https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/authors-editors/brij-v-lal.3例如,历史教授布里吉·拉尔:他的生活和遗产,2022年1月16日,https://indocaribbeanpublications.com/2022/01/29/video-recording-history-professor-brij-lal-his-life-and-legacies-by-staff-reporter/(访问2023年8月21日);印度-加勒比文化中心,“庆祝散居海外的早期印度知识分子”,YouTube视频,2:35:59,2022年5月1日,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bU-ydkDHCVs&ab_channel=Indo-CaribbeanCulturalCentre(2023年8月21日访问)。两次Zoom公开会议均由特立尼达和多巴哥的印度-加勒比文化中心联合主办;伦敦Ameena gafor研究所;以及夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省格雷维尔的1860遗产中心。还举办了主题演讲和关于Brij ' '庆祝Girmitiya生命' '的致敬会议(第四届全球Girmit研究所会议,南太平洋大学,苏瓦,2023年5月12日至13日);“奴隶制和契约劳工的遗产会议”(苏里南安东德科恩大学,2023年6月6日至10日);3 .“Colloque: Dire l ' engagisme dans l ' ocean Indien: historical, circulations, pluralitres”(Le Centre des arts et de culture, Saint-Denis, r<s:1> union, 2023年8月2-4日)关于布里吉的传记研究,见道格·门罗,《象牙塔及以后:太平洋的参与历史学家》(泰恩河上的纽卡斯尔:剑桥学者出版社,2009年),243-309.5。大部分这些文集汇集在布里吉·v·拉尔,查洛·贾哈吉:在斐济的契约之旅(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学太平洋和亚洲历史分部;苏瓦:斐济博物馆,2000)7 . Brij V. Lal主编,《斐济的政治:当代历史研究》(悉尼:Allen and Unwin出版社,1968)布里吉·v·拉尔,《权力与偏见:斐济危机的形成》(惠灵顿:新西兰国际事务研究所,1988年),7.8布里吉·v·拉尔,《破碎的波浪:二十世纪斐济群岛的历史》(檀香山:夏威夷大学出版社,1992年),第16 - 18页Robert C. Kiste,“编者按”,载于Lal, Broken Waves,第8期例如,Brij V. Lal,《交叉:历史、记忆、纪律》(劳托卡:斐济应用研究所;悉尼:亚太出版社,2011年),第2、5、138、305.11布里吉·v·拉尔,“历史阶段的结束”:写一个不愿意的斐济政治家的生活”,《政治生活在太平洋的写作:对实践的反思》,杰克·科贝特和布里吉·v·拉尔编辑(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2015年),73.12同上,73-4.13布里吉·v·拉尔,“斐济:一个陷入困境的国家的困境之旅”,圆桌会议110号,第11页。6 (2021): 645-62.14 Stefan Collini,缺席的头脑:英国的知识分子(牛津:牛津大学出版社,2006),52.15 Lal,交叉点,4.16引用于玛丽-罗斯亚伯拉罕和Gayathri Vaidyanathan,“对宗教身份的痴迷让我感到寒冷”:记住印度-斐济历史学家Brij Lal”,Wire, 2021年12月27日,https://thewire.in/history/obsession-with-religious-identity-leaves-me-cold-remembering-indo-fijian-historian-brij-lal(访问2023年8月21日)布里吉在他的著作《另一种方式:政变后斐济的宪政改革政治》(堪培拉:亚太出版社,1998年)中描述了这一过程。18 .瓦卡托拉的自传《来自红树林沼泽》(苏瓦:南太平洋大学太平洋研究所和斐济推广中心,1988年)参见Coel Kirkby,“联邦宪法制定者”,载于《21世纪的联邦历史》,索尔·杜博和理查德·德雷顿主编(瑞士Cham: Springer, 2020), 61-80.19。Brij V. Lal,“1982年斐济大选:从未到来的浪潮”,《太平洋历史杂志》(以下简称JPH),第18期。2 (1983): 134-57.20 拉尔,“季节的变化”,载于布里吉·v·拉尔,《转折:斐济派系》(劳托卡:斐济应用研究所,2008年),151-72页;布里吉·v·拉尔,《布拉·德雷》,《布里吉·v·拉尔,从图尔西先生的商店走的路:斐济的故事》(堪培拉:澳大利亚国立大学出版社,2019年),第139-60页。后者在尼古拉斯·哈尔特主编的《苏瓦故事:斐济首都的历史》(苏瓦:USP出版社,2022)中以“Wailea”的标题重新出版,425-42.21页。布里吉拉尔的《斐济历史词典》,jph52, no。1 (2017): 110;ABC新闻,“被驱逐的学者准备离开斐济”,2009年11月5日,https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-11-05/expelled-academic-prepares-to-depart-fiji/1129910(访问日期为2023年8月21日)格列高利,《作为隐藏自传的历史?》’,109 - 10。罗伯特·诺顿(Robert Norton)提供了对布里杰人类学资历的独立证实。2009年11月4日,诺顿和布里吉在苏瓦的花园城市喝咖啡,他开玩笑说他们的
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引用次数: 0
Coconut Colonialism: Workers and the Globalization of Samoa Coconut Colonialism: Workers and the Globalization of Samoa . By Holger Droessler. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 2022. 304 pp, illustrations, maps, notes, bibliography, index. ISBN 9780674263338(hbk). US$41.00. 椰子殖民主义:工人与萨摩亚的全球化。霍尔格·德罗斯勒著。剑桥,马萨诸塞州,哈佛大学出版社,2022年。304页,插图,地图,注释,参考书目,索引。ISBN 9780674263338 (hbk)。41.00美元。
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2273000
Victoria Stead
"Coconut Colonialism: Workers and the Globalization of Samoa." The Journal of Pacific History, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
“椰子殖民主义:萨摩亚的工人与全球化”《太平洋历史杂志》,印刷前,第1-2页
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引用次数: 0
The Anatomy of Frank Bainimarama’s Defeat at the Fiji December 2022 Election 弗兰克·姆拜尼马拉马在斐济2022年12月选举中失败的剖析
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2255358
Jon Fraenkel
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引用次数: 0
Eight Months in the Cook Islands 在库克群岛待八个月
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2231685
Tim Jones
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引用次数: 0
Reframing Suffrage Narratives: Pacific Women, Political Voice, and Collective Empowerment 重新建构选举权叙事:太平洋地区妇女、政治声音和集体赋权
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2247348
Sonia Palmieri, Elise Howard, Kerryn Baker
Dominant narratives of women’s suffrage have been shaped in ways that marginalize Pacific women’s experiences. Such narratives have emphasized the struggles of Global North women to achieve individualized political empowerment, primarily through the right to vote, from the late 19th century. By measures of struggle, individual empowerment and temporality, Pacific women have been characterized as passive recipients of the vote in the late 20th century. In this article, we contest these narratives through foregrounding Pacific women’s political contributions, and reconsidering how suffrage is defined in Global South contexts. By revisiting the Pacific women’s suffrage story and highlighting activism that mirrors and extends the strategies adopted by suffragists around the world to claim political voice, we put forward a more comprehensive picture of women’s franchise in the Pacific. In doing so, we uncover tensions between collective conceptualizations of political empowerment and the individual rights-centred approach favoured by dominant suffrage narratives.
关于妇女选举权的主流叙述是以一种边缘化太平洋地区妇女经历的方式形成的。这样的叙事强调了全球北方女性从19世纪末开始为获得个人政治权力(主要是通过投票权)而进行的斗争。从斗争、个人赋权和时间性的角度来看,太平洋地区的妇女在20世纪后期被定性为被动的投票权接受者。在本文中,我们通过强调太平洋地区妇女的政治贡献,并重新考虑在全球南方背景下如何定义选举权,来反驳这些叙述。通过回顾太平洋地区妇女选举权的故事,并强调反映和扩展世界各地妇女参政主义者为争取政治发言权而采取的策略的行动主义,我们提出了太平洋地区妇女选举权的更全面的图景。在此过程中,我们揭示了政治赋权的集体概念化与主导选举权叙事所青睐的以个人权利为中心的方法之间的紧张关系。
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引用次数: 1
On Two Different Personalities from Old Rapa Nui: Personal Effects of ‘ ariki mau Nga‘ara (? – ca. 1859) and ‘Prophetess’ María Angata Veri Tahi (ca. 1853–1914) – Part II: Angata’s Bible 拉帕努伊人不同的个性:(ca. 1859)和“先知”玛利亚·阿加塔·韦里·塔尔(ca. 1853—1914)——第二部分:阿加塔的圣经
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2215725
Tomi S. Melka, Robert M. Schoch
ABSTRACTIn Part I of this article, we discussed an English caplock pistol that reportedly belonged to the Easter Island (Rapa Nui) King Nga‘ara (? – ca. 1859) and the birdmen motif found on the pistol grip, comparing the pistol’s birdmen figures to similar figures found carved on boulders and rock surfaces on Easter Island. In Part II we turn to a consideration of another seminal individual in the history of the island, María Angata Veri Tahi – the Rapanui ‘Prophetess’ and chief organizer of the 1914 rebellion against the Compañía Explotadora de la Isla de Pascua. Thanks to the generosity of the current owner, we have been allowed to study a nineteenth-century artefact that was once in the possession of Angata – an 1849 English Holy Bible. This Bible is of note as (1) in contrast to Angata’s conversion to Roman Catholic beliefs, it is a Protestant Bible, and (2) it features a short inscription in vernacular Rapanui on the inside of its back cover which may have been penned by Angata herself or by another Rapanui under her direction. The present analysis of the Bible (and other associated objects) suggests a number of hypotheses regarding the historical context in which Angata lived and operated, while shedding light on various aspects of the prophetess’s life and activities. Whether raising the spirits of her Rapanui followers against foreign institutions and shifting powers or fuelling a new brand of syncretic religion on the island, Angata’s historical importance merits the attention of modern scholarship.Key words: Bible, bead-/‘button’-like objectscatechistCompañía Explotadora de la Isla de Pascua (CEDIP)María Angata (Aŋata)mother-of-pearl crossRapanui revolt/rebellion of 1914rosary SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND ILLUSTRATIONSSupplement accessible at https://doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2023.2215725.AcknowledgementsIn Part II, we acknowledge the interesting discussions with Gordon Berthin, Roberto Weber Ch., Nancy Thiesen de Weber, Ewan Maidment, Grant McCall, Bernard Hausdorf, Philippe Bouchet, Ellen Strong, Bret K. Raines, and Paulus-Jan A. Kieviet concerning various aspects of the history, ethnography, language, malacology, and bibliography of Rapa Nui. Under this vein, we are most grateful for their input. Any possible lapse along the suggested hypotheses is ours.Notes1 Tomi S. Melka and Robert M. Schoch, ‘On Two Different Personalities from Old Rapa Nui: Personal Effects of ‘ariki mau Nga‘ara (? – ca. 1859) and ‘Prophetess’ María Angata Veri Tahi (ca. 1853–1914) – Part I: The Pistol of Nga‘ara’, The Journal of Pacific History 58, no. 3 (2023).2 We must respect the desire of various dealers, collectors, and owners to remain anonymous; otherwise, we would not be allowed access to their collections for purposes of scholarly study.3 It should be highlighted that the current owner’s interest in the artefact is of a non-religious nature and, certainly, s/he does not practise any form of witchcraft.4 The Holy Bible, The Holy Bible, Containing the Old and Ne
在本文的第一部分中,我们讨论了一把据说属于复活节岛(拉帕努伊)国王Nga 'ara (?(约1859年)和手枪握把上的鸟人图案,将手枪上的鸟人图案与复活节岛上的巨石和岩石表面上雕刻的类似图案进行了比较。在第二部分中,我们转而考虑该岛历史上另一个具有开创性的人物,María Angata Veri Tahi - Rapanui“女先知”和1914年反抗Compañía Explotadora de la Isla de Pascua叛乱的主要组织者。感谢现在的主人的慷慨,我们被允许研究一件19世纪的手工艺品,它曾经属于Angata——一本1849年的英国圣经。这本圣经值得注意的是:(1)与安加塔皈依罗马天主教相比,它是一本新教圣经,(2)它的封底内侧有一个简短的拉帕努伊方言铭文,可能是由安加塔自己或在她的指导下由另一个拉帕努伊人写的。目前对《圣经》(和其他相关物品)的分析提出了一些关于安加塔生活和运作的历史背景的假设,同时揭示了这位女先知生活和活动的各个方面。无论是鼓舞她的拉帕努伊追随者的精神,反对外国机构和权力的转移,还是在岛上推动一种新的融合宗教,安加塔的历史重要性值得现代学者的关注。关键词:圣经,头/“纽扣”状objectscatechistCompañía Pascua岛(CEDIP) Explotadora de la Isla de Pascua (CEDIP)María Angata (Aŋata)珍珠母十字架rapanui叛乱/ 1914年的叛乱玫瑰经补充数据和插图补充可访问https://doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2023.2215725.AcknowledgementsIn第二部分,我们承认与Gordon Berthin, Roberto Weber Ch., Nancy Thiesen de Weber, Ewan maid门特,Grant McCall, Bernard Hausdorf, Philippe Bouchet, Ellen Strong,Bret K. Raines和Paulus-Jan A. Kieviet关于拉帕努伊岛的历史、民族志、语言、malacology和参考书目的各个方面。在这方面,我们非常感谢他们的投入。任何可能的错误都是我们提出的假设。注1 Tomi S. Melka和Robert M. Schoch,《论古老拉帕努伊岛的两种不同性格:‘ariki mau Nga’ara的个人影响》(?-约1859年)和“女先知”María Angata Veri Tahi(约1853-1914年)-第一部分:Nga ' ara的手枪,《太平洋历史杂志》58期。3(2023)。2我们必须尊重各种交易商、收藏家和所有者保持匿名的愿望;否则,我们将不被允许以学术研究为目的访问他们的藏品需要强调的是,目前的拥有者对文物的兴趣是非宗教性的,当然,他/她也不使用任何形式的巫术《圣经》,《圣经,包含旧约和新约》(伦敦:G. E. Eyre and W. spottiswood, 1849)见凯瑟琳·劳特利奇,《复活节岛之谜:一次探险的故事》(伦敦:哈泽尔,沃森和维尼出版社,1919年),图30正面第145页,照片标记为“女先知安加塔”;josise Ignacio Vives Solar,“Una Revolución en la Isla de Pascua en 1914”,Pacífico杂志第10期。60(1917): 660,引自纳尔逊·卡斯特罗·弗洛雷斯的《千年宣言》。拉帕努伊岛,1882-1914年,在La Compañía Explotadora de Isla de Pascua: Patrimonio, Memoria e Identidad en Rapa Nui,编,克劳迪奥·克里斯蒂诺和米格尔·富恩特斯(Concepción,智利:Escaparate Ediciones, 2011), 112注释8,特别提到了Angata的长玫瑰经。反过来,卡斯特罗·弗洛雷斯(同上)指出,“El rosario utilizado por Angata esta confcionado conchas pequeñas, que recibían la denominación de pure”。纯粹的宗教信仰和宗教信仰是一样的。Además, la expresión denota la oración Englert, 1948: 489 ' (Angata的念珠是由小贝类制成的,被称为纯净。纯洁意味着家庭和教会。也见Englert, 1948: 489的参考文献)。此外,纯净一词有祈祷的意思;参见同上的。然而,考虑到“纯粹的”这个词有两个基本定义:纯粹的(1)n.祈祷,祈祷,恳求;纯(2)名词:一种贝壳(瓷器状的贝壳),不同的种类通常为深色或浅棕色,带有斑点:Cypraea caputdraconis和Cypraea englerti;参见WoRMSa,“WoRMS分类单元细节- Monetaria caputdraconis (Melvill, 1888)”,http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=570813(访问日期为2020年12月10日);WoRMSb,“WoRMS分类群细节- Naria englerti (Summers & Burgess 1965)”,http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1075024(访问日期为2020年12月10日)。没有一个纯粹的词明确地表示教会。教堂或礼拜堂建筑(=礼拜堂)被称为纯净、明亮的教堂。 坎贝尔(同上)对她所穿的衣服的描述是:“traje antiguo hecho con plumas de color blanco y negro, llamado“huru-huru”,adorado por“pure”,conchitas de caracoles marinos”([特色]一件由黑白羽毛制成的老式连衣裙,称为“huru-huru”,装饰有“pure”,贝壳)。显然,即使在现代,“羽毛”和“贝壳”似乎也是拉帕努伊文化传统中反复出现的重要主题/象征Tomi S. Melka和Robert M. Schoch,《论老拉帕努伊岛的两种不同性格:‘ariki mau Nga’ara的个人影响》(?-约1859年)和“女先知”María Angata Veri Tahi(约1853-1914年)-第一部分:Nga ' ara手枪-补充数据和插图,I, https://doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2023.2215712。此外,考虑到当地的条件和某些原材料的稀缺,当拉帕努伊人将骨头和贝壳用于实用、象征性或个人美化目的时,他们会做出聪明而适应性的反应;参见帕特里克·麦科伊,“复活节岛”,《波利尼西亚史前史》,杰西·大卫·詹宁斯编(马萨诸塞州剑桥:哈佛大学出版社,1979),148.26胡利奥·
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引用次数: 0
Troubles and Puzzles: The 2022 General Elections in Papua New Guinea 麻烦与困惑:巴布亚新几内亚2022年大选
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2248008
Terence Wood, Maholopa Laveil, Michael Kabuni
This paper focuses on the 2022 general elections in Papua New Guinea, covering both electoral quality and election outcomes. Overall, the 2022 elections were very troubled. In parts of the country, serious violence and electoral fraud were major issues. In other parts of the country, polling was less fraught. However, some problems, such as the roll, were serious almost everywhere. In terms of election outcomes, one outcome – only two women won seats – was predictable. However, the election brought puzzling results too: in particular, incumbents were re-elected at the highest rate ever. And the largest party won a larger share of seats than has been the case in any election since 1982. Neither of the latter two results appear to have been a direct product of electoral fraud. Rather, the party outcome stems from a turn-of-the-millennium rule change. High incumbent re-election rates remain a genuine puzzle.
本文以2022年巴布亚新几内亚大选为研究对象,涵盖了选举质量和选举结果两个方面。总的来说,2022年的选举非常麻烦。在该国部分地区,严重暴力和选举舞弊是主要问题。在这个国家的其他地区,民意调查没有那么令人担忧。然而,有些问题,比如滚动,几乎到处都很严重。就选举结果而言,只有两名女性赢得席位这一结果是可以预料的。然而,选举也带来了令人困惑的结果:特别是现任者的连任率达到了有史以来的最高水平。最大政党赢得的席位比1982年以来的任何一次选举都要多。后两种结果似乎都不是选举舞弊的直接结果。相反,党的结果源于千禧年规则的改变。现任总统的高连任率仍然是一个真正的谜。
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引用次数: 0
Polynesian Agency and the Establishment of the French Centre for Pacific Tests 波利尼西亚机构和法国太平洋试验中心的成立
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2227103
Renaud Meltz, Alexis Vrignon
ABSTRACTSince the 1960s, the installation of the Centre for Pacific Tests (Centre d’expérimentation du Pacifique or CEP) in French Polynesia has given rise to important debates concerning the agency of the populations in relationship to a decision on which they were not consulted. Until now, these debates have often focused on the reactions of the political class. In this article, we propose another approach to these issues by focusing on economic and social questions, with particular attention paid to the multiple strategies implemented by Polynesian workers. As this article demonstrates, while local actors had no say in the decision to set up the CEP in French Polynesia, the actual process of infrastructure construction, the interactions induced by these activities and the transformation of local power relations constituted opportunities for Islanders to develop their own strategies based on their interests and desires, their opinions, and the constraints that weighed unequally on them.Key words: French Polynesianuclear testsagencycolonial situationsocial change Notes1 Vincent Jauvert, ‘Essais nucléaires: Les archives interdites de l’armée’, Le Nouvel Observateur, 5 Feb. 1998; Sébastien Philippe and Thomas Statius, Toxique: Enquête sur les essais nucléaires en Polynésie française (Paris: PUF, 2021).2 The programme is funded by the French Polynesian government through the Delegation for Monitoring the Consequences of Nuclear Tests (2018–21).3 In English, the Atomic Energy Commission – Directorate for Military Applications.4 The testimonies gathered within our research programme complement those collected by Bruno Barrillot and others. See Bruno Barrillot, Les polynésiens et les essais nucléaires. Indépendance nationale et dépendance polynésienne, Commission d’enquête sur les conséquences des essais nucléaires (Pape‘ete, Assemblée de la Polynésie française, 2006); Bruno Barrillot, Témoins de la bombe: mémoires de 30 ans d’essais nucléaires en Polynésie française (Pape‘ete: Editions Univers Polynésiens, 2017).5 Bengt Danielsson and Marie-Thérèse Danielsson, Moruroa, notre bombe coloniale (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1993). First published in French in 1974 as Morurua, mon amour, the revised English language version is Bengt Danielsson and Marie-Thérèse Danielsson, Moruroa mon amour: The French Nuclear Tests in the Pacific (London: Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1977).6 J.W. Davidson, ‘French Polynesia and the French Nuclear Tests: The Submission of John Teariki’, Journal of Pacific History 2 (1967): 149–54.7 Jean-Marc Regnault, ‘Tahiti, avec et sans la bombe’, Vingtième Siècle. Revue d’histoire 53, no. 1 (1997): 55–67.8 Recent examples include Arthur Asseraf, Le désinformateur: Sur les traces de Messaoud Djebari, un Algérien dans le monde colonial (Paris: Fayard, 2022) and, for the Pacific, Christophe Granger, Joseph Kabris ou les possibilités d’une vie: 1780–1822 (Paris: Flammarion, 2022).9 Bernard Dumortier, Les atolls de l’atome (Rennes: Marines éditions, 200
Romain Bertrand) 20、‘人文和«»:殖民时的问题与殖民统治霸权impériale’June,研究问题,2006年,See,例如,本笃41.21三脚架和Adrian Muckle‘In the Long)、“Run”:Kanak Stockmen, the New喀bcis Frontier In and Power殖民关系,1870—1988、Oceania 80号。Tracey Banivanua Mar,《非殖民化与太平洋:土著全球化与帝国的终结》(剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,2016)Jean-Marc Regnault,《联合国、法国和后期非殖民化:大洋洲法国土地的例子》(艾克斯-普罗旺斯:艾克斯-马赛大学出版社,2013)Renaud Meltz, Alexis Vrignon和Sylvain Mary,“帝国复兴:法属波利尼西亚如何被选为法国太平洋测试中心(CEP)的地点”,《太平洋历史杂志》,第58期。3(2023): 251 - 79.25莎拉·穆罕默德-盖拉德,权力的群岛?1946年至1998年法国在南太平洋的政策(布鲁塞尔:彼得·朗,2010)Jean-Marc Regnault,《1945年后殖民制度的生存》。l ' excite du康塞尔privy du Gouverneur des etabites francais d ' oceanie: l '机会manquee de 1947 ', Revue francaise d ' historire d ' outremer 86, no。324 (1999): 293 - 304.27 veronique Dimier,“从非殖民化…到去中心化”。《殖民历史》,Politix 14, no。53(2001): 203 - 25.28克莱尔·劳,19世纪波利尼西亚的传教神权政体:南海的上帝之城?(巴黎:Editions l ' harmattan, 2000)。‘秘密报告29日尼西亚总督在海外领土部长«上安装一个测试中心为»'特种武器,1962年Jul. 17处、音像档案遗产和教皇的‘ete (hereinafter SPAA)、48W 16/1.30‘总督的报告》(secret)部长l’Outre-mer’May) 9、1962、SPAA 48W 16/1.31‘报告关于割让领土环境优雅、环礁、Moruroa和陶法是法国政府,雅克·德罗莱特议员向常设委员会提交的报告,1964年,领土议会档案,教皇席32Ben R. Finney,“波利尼西亚农民和工人:法属波利尼西亚塔希提人的社会经济变化”,《波利尼西亚学会杂志》,第74期。3(1965): 269—328.33 Between the import于1959年和1962年,比率fell to rip 56一百and See Blanchet per到达22美分。通胀,经济fpo 30.34智能公告,‘9 Minutes of the May May 1967’11 1967届行政Assembly)的领土,保卫国防历史服务(Service历史),文森(hereinafter SHD See, GR)、R - 13 160/1.35 Regnault,法院判定,‘塔希提有无bombe’.36》1965年9月10日和11日,《1965年9月总督政治报告》,1965年10月8日,国家档案馆,塞纳河畔pierrefite, 19940165/15。盛典新联盟联盟République.37 Excerpt from an地址by Joseph Lehartel, president of the Pueu区议会(1965年九月21)in‘古韦内尔political report for 1965’,1965年8月9月,19940165/15.38 by way of an only面前时,the United States水平与核电公司在不同地区的考试of the Pacific for ten years,从1952年到1962年,赶到华达试验》歌声,they to Site.39‘教皇召开的会议纪要对劳动力‘ete’,1964年一月30、SPAA 146W 48.40 French Polynesian Assembly,‘gerald Coppenrath先生在调查委员会的听证会,收集的所有资料核试验影响航空法属波利尼西亚的居民于1966年至1974年间française’2005年9月16号,5、2023)4、http://moruroa.assemblee.pf/medias/pdf/M.%20G%C3%A9rald%20Coppenrath.pdf马奇(商户dg39主教maze致埃格伦神父,1963年2月14日,教皇大主教管区档案。卡兹中校,研究局情报通讯,1964年9月28日,SPAA, 146W 48.43 Father Egron to Mgr maze, 1963年1月21日,教皇大主教管区档案。埃格隆神父致Mgr maze, 1967年12月7日,教皇大主教管区档案,第45页See,例如,写了from (j . Gassmann to the岛,1969年梅6、SPAA 146W 49.46 Damery to the监察员行政事务局,1965年12月29、SPAA 146W 49.47‘愤怒Tahitians Over Damage to该局Missionary’s Grave’、太平洋岛屿月刊》,1965年2月结转83.48 Secret from the岛to the Minister of the‘海外领土on the special a检测装置,中心马斯敦SPAA in Polynesia’Jul. 17, 1962年,48W 16/1.49同上50关于教皇第七届劳工会议的报告,1964年1月30日,SPAA, 146W 48.51秘书长H. Berre(代表总督)致海外领土部长,1963年1月22日,SPAA, 146W 48/1。
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引用次数: 0
Suva Stories: A History of the Capital of Fiji 苏瓦故事:斐济首都的历史
4区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/00223344.2023.2185474
Clive Moore
"Suva Stories: A History of the Capital of Fiji." The Journal of Pacific History, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
《苏瓦的故事:斐济首都的历史》《太平洋历史杂志》,印刷前,第1-2页
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JOURNAL OF PACIFIC HISTORY
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