塑料在牛消化系统中的命运

IF 0.9 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.13031/jash.14991
K. L. Sheehan, P. Lawson, B. Emerson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在一所大学的教学农场,两群牛的粪便中含有塑料纤维。经证实,其来源为矿物质补充剂。当食用时,补充剂会导致塑料的降解或破碎。摘要塑料制品是当代消费品中无处不在的一部分,可能含有增塑剂、着色剂、阻燃剂和抗菌剂等化学物质。当被食用时,这些物质会在消化过程中从塑料中吸收,从而影响食用它们的生物的健康。在这里,我们记录了微纤维(0.5到15毫米)形式的塑料污染物,我们在大学校园的两群牛的粪便中检测到。两个畜群的塑料发生率相似(41%),平均每2克粪便中出现1个聚乙烯微纤维。我们确认这些塑料纤维的来源是牛全年可以获得的矿物质补充剂,并在两个独立的矿物质补充剂来源中检测到颗粒。尽管塑料纤维在暴露于奶牛的消化系统后出现了轻微的视觉变化(表面变暗),但我们能够通过化学方法(使用红外光谱)确认粪便中的塑料和矿物质补充剂是相同的。为了量化消耗的塑料颗粒的降解,我们对大学农场操作中使用的类似成分的塑料(用于捆扎方形干草捆的尼龙和用于包裹圆形/卷捆的聚乙烯-而不是微塑料)进行了消化研究。在接触了54天的空心公牛的消化系统后,我们发现塑料的重量没有改变,但发生了明显的碎裂(磨损)。虽然微塑料降解的生理后果和肠道组织中潜在的包裹性在很大程度上是未知的,但由于磨损和长期积累的有毒化合物的吸收,微塑料表面积的增加应该被考虑在内,因为它们可能影响供人类食用的牛肉和乳制品的安全性。关键词:家畜,微纤维,矿物质补充,颗粒降解,塑料消耗
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Fate of Plastics in Cattle Digestive Systems
HighlightsTwo herds of cattle at a university teaching farm had plastic fibers in their fecal matter.The source was confirmed to be mineral supplements.When consumed, supplements caused some degradation or fragmentation of plastics. Abstract.Plastic products are a ubiquitous part of contemporary consumer products and can contain chemicals like plasticizers, colorings, flame retardants, and antimicrobials. When eaten, these substances can leech from plastics during digestion, and consequently, impact the health of the organisms that consume them. Here, we document plastic contaminants in the form of microfibers (0.5 to 15 mm), that we detected in the fecal matter of two herds of cattle on a college campus. Plastic incidence was similar (41%) for both herds, with a mean of 1 polyethylene microfiber occurring in every 2 g of feces. We confirmed the source of these plastic fibers was the mineral supplements that the cattle have access to year-round and detected the particles in two independent sources of mineral supplements. Despite minor visual changes in the plastic fibers (dulling of the surface) after being exposed to the digestive system of the cows, we were able to chemically confirm (using infrared spectroscopy) that the plastic found in the feces and mineral supplements were identical. To quantify degradation of consumed plastic particles, we performed a digestion study of plastics of similar composition (nylon used to tie square hay bales and polyethylene used to wrap round/rolled bales – not microplastics) used in the farm operations of the university. Following a 54-day exposure to the digestive system of a cannulated bull, we found that the weight of plastics did not change, but significant fragmentation (fraying) occurred. While the physiological consequences of microplastic degradation and potential inclusion among gut tissues are largely unknown, increased surface areas of microplastics from fraying and the leeching of toxic compounds accumulated over long periods of time should be considered as they could influence the safety of beef and dairy products intended for human consumption. Keywords: Livestock, Microfiber, Mineral supplement, Particle degradation, Plastic consumption.
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来源期刊
Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health
Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
20.00%
发文量
10
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