乌拉尔语历史音韵学述评

L. Honti
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引用次数: 2

摘要

在本文中,作者提出了三个历史音韵学问题,并作出了理性的解释:关于原乌拉尔语/原芬兰语-乌格里克语/原乌格里克语单词词头*p、*t和*k的匈牙利语反射,提出了*p > H f ~ b和*t > H t ~ d的双重反射的两个原因:(a)单词内部(主或次)浊音触发了初始辅音的同化(即发声);(b)随后,由于努力消除谐音,与初始辅音最接近的同系词(即其浊音对应)取代了原来的不浊音顿音。本文还讨论了匈牙利语中*k没有类似的双反射(k ~ g)的原因。关于原乌拉尔语/原芬兰-乌戈尔语/原乌拉尔语*δ和*δ的音系真实性,以及其他乌拉尔语中以s开头的芬兰语单词与以t开头的单词在词源上的潜在对应关系,我们提出应该假设*∧和*∧而不是*δ和*δ。
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Comments on Uralic historical phonology
In this paper, the author poses three questions of historical phonology and gives explanations that are meant to be rational: 1. With respect to the Hungarian reflexes of Proto-Uralic/Proto-Finno-Ugric/Proto-Ugric word initial *p, *t, and *k, two reasons are suggested for the dual reflexes *p > H f ∼ b and *t > H t ∼ d: (a) the word internal (primary or secondary) voiced consonant triggered the assimilation (that is, voicing) of the initial consonant; (b) subsequently, due to an effort to eliminate homonymy, the closest congener of the initial consonant (that is, its voiced counterpart) replaced the original voiceless stop. It is also discussed why *k does not similarly have dual reflexes (k ∼ g) in Hungarian. 2. Concerning the phonological reality of Proto-Uralic/Proto-Finno-Ugric/Proto-Ugric *δ and *δ, as well as the potential etymological correspondence of s-initial Finnic words with t-initial words of the other Uralic languages, it is proposed that *∧ and *∧ should be assumed rather than *δ and *δ,...
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