Murilo Vieira Loro, I. Carvalho, A. Cargnelutti Filho, J. Hoffmann, K. Kehl
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Wheat grain biofortification for essential amino acids
Abstract The objective of this work was to select wheat genotypes aiming to increase the essential amino acids in their grains. The study was carried out in the 2019 crop year, in a randomized complete block design, organized in a 5x5 factorial arrangement – five environments in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (Cachoeira do Sul, Cruz Alta, Santo Augusto, São Gabriel, and Vacaria), and five wheat genotypes ('BRS Parrudo', 'Marfim', 'Quartzo', 'TBIO Mestre', and 'TBIO Sinuelo') –, with two replicates. Polar metabolites were extracted from the flour of the ground wheat grains, derivatized, and evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for the metabolites. To select the genotypes for the traits of interest, the multi-trait index based on factor analysis and ideotype design, the multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index, and the multi-trait stability index were applied. The wheat genotypes express a high genetic variability and selection possibility for gentiobiose, butyric acid, galactopyranosyl, phenylalanine, tryptophan, leucine, and isoleucine. The 'Marfim' genotype remains stable for essential amino acid levels in the studied environments. The 'Quartzo' genotype stands out in the expression of leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan in its grains.
期刊介绍:
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira – PAB – is issued monthly by Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – EMBRAPA, affiliated to Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply. PAB publishes original scientific-technological articles on Plant Physiology, Plant Pathology, Crop Science, Genetics, Soil Science, Food Technology and Animal Science.
Its abbreviated title is Pesq. agropec. bras., and it should be used in bibliographies, footnotes, references and bibliographic strips.