Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02854
G. Concenço, G. Brito, V. Costa, Laryssa Lemos da Silva, T. S. Melo, P. R. R. Fagundes, W. B. Scivittaro, S. Deuner
Abstract The objective of this work was to verify the correlations between carbon isotopic composition and traits of superior rice genotypes. Twenty genotypes were analyzed for morphology, micromorphology, anatomy, physiological performance, and carbon fingerprint. The plots consisted of 500 L plastic boxes sowed with rice, to allow of a plant density of 300 plants per square meter. Plant anatomy and physiological performance were evaluated using a microscope and an infrared gas analyzer, respectively. There is a correlation between rice water use efficiency (r = 0.45) and carboxylation efficiency (r = 0.39).
{"title":"Correlation between carbon isotopic composition and morphological, micromorphological, anatomical, and physiological traits in rice","authors":"G. Concenço, G. Brito, V. Costa, Laryssa Lemos da Silva, T. S. Melo, P. R. R. Fagundes, W. B. Scivittaro, S. Deuner","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02854","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to verify the correlations between carbon isotopic composition and traits of superior rice genotypes. Twenty genotypes were analyzed for morphology, micromorphology, anatomy, physiological performance, and carbon fingerprint. The plots consisted of 500 L plastic boxes sowed with rice, to allow of a plant density of 300 plants per square meter. Plant anatomy and physiological performance were evaluated using a microscope and an infrared gas analyzer, respectively. There is a correlation between rice water use efficiency (r = 0.45) and carboxylation efficiency (r = 0.39).","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67609867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03121
L. Argenta, F. Thewes, R. O. Anese, S. T. D. Freitas, J. M. Moura-Bueno, C. Ogoshi, Priscila Baseggio
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the storability of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple fruit in response to harvest maturity, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment, and storage atmospheres. Fruit quality was evaluated after two, four, six, and eight months plus one day or seven days in shelf life at 22°C. The controlled atmosphere (CA) and 1-MCP (1.0 μL L-1) treatments reduce fruit ethylene production and respiration, prevent rapid softening, and inhibit the incidence of scald-like symptoms, flesh browning, cracking, and fungal decay, in comparison with air storage . The combination of 1-MCP and CA provides additive benefits in firmness retention and in the reduction of the incidence of physiological disorders. CA and/or 1-MCP increase the risk of fruit developing wrinkly skin disorder. The loss of flesh firmness and acidity and the development of all physiological disorders and decay are higher in late-harvested fruit. The storage life of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple is about two months in cold air and from six to eight months in cold CA, considering the time necessary to reach a flesh firmness of 53 N. The limiting factor for the long-term storage of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple fruit under CA without 1-MCP is the development of physiological disorders and fungal decay.
{"title":"Storability of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple as affected by harvest maturity, 1-methylcyclopropene treatment, and storage atmosphere","authors":"L. Argenta, F. Thewes, R. O. Anese, S. T. D. Freitas, J. M. Moura-Bueno, C. Ogoshi, Priscila Baseggio","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the storability of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple fruit in response to harvest maturity, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment, and storage atmospheres. Fruit quality was evaluated after two, four, six, and eight months plus one day or seven days in shelf life at 22°C. The controlled atmosphere (CA) and 1-MCP (1.0 μL L-1) treatments reduce fruit ethylene production and respiration, prevent rapid softening, and inhibit the incidence of scald-like symptoms, flesh browning, cracking, and fungal decay, in comparison with air storage . The combination of 1-MCP and CA provides additive benefits in firmness retention and in the reduction of the incidence of physiological disorders. CA and/or 1-MCP increase the risk of fruit developing wrinkly skin disorder. The loss of flesh firmness and acidity and the development of all physiological disorders and decay are higher in late-harvested fruit. The storage life of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple is about two months in cold air and from six to eight months in cold CA, considering the time necessary to reach a flesh firmness of 53 N. The limiting factor for the long-term storage of 'SCS417 Monalisa' apple fruit under CA without 1-MCP is the development of physiological disorders and fungal decay.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02991
André Boscolo Nogueira da Gama, E. A. D. Silva, V. C. A. Andrade Júnior, O. G. Brito, Ariana da Silva Costa, P. Y. Cavasin, E. E. Carvalho
Abstract The objective of this work was to select sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) genotypes with leaves with potential to be used for human consumption. Twenty-six experimental genotypes and four commercial cultivars were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and ten plants per plot. The trial was carried out in the municipality of Lavras, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Leaf shape and lobe, aerial-part yield, edible-leaf yield, edible-leaf percentage, edible-leaf dry mass, and latex production, as well as leaf total chlorophyll, pH, soluble solids contents, titratable acidity, total phenolic compounds, and anthocyanin contents, were evaluated. Roots were characterized as to their pulp and peel colors. Fifteen genotypes presented the highest aerial-part (29.6 to 51.8 Mg ha-1) and edible leaf (7.8 to 12.7 Mg ha-1) yields. In the biochemical analysis, high contents of chlorophyll, total phenolics, and anthocyanins were observed. In addition, pH, soluble solids, and leaf titratable acidity did not differ significantly among the evaluated genotypes. Leaves of ten genotypes are recommended for human consumption.
{"title":"Potential use of sweet potato leaves for human consumption","authors":"André Boscolo Nogueira da Gama, E. A. D. Silva, V. C. A. Andrade Júnior, O. G. Brito, Ariana da Silva Costa, P. Y. Cavasin, E. E. Carvalho","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02991","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to select sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) genotypes with leaves with potential to be used for human consumption. Twenty-six experimental genotypes and four commercial cultivars were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and ten plants per plot. The trial was carried out in the municipality of Lavras, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Leaf shape and lobe, aerial-part yield, edible-leaf yield, edible-leaf percentage, edible-leaf dry mass, and latex production, as well as leaf total chlorophyll, pH, soluble solids contents, titratable acidity, total phenolic compounds, and anthocyanin contents, were evaluated. Roots were characterized as to their pulp and peel colors. Fifteen genotypes presented the highest aerial-part (29.6 to 51.8 Mg ha-1) and edible leaf (7.8 to 12.7 Mg ha-1) yields. In the biochemical analysis, high contents of chlorophyll, total phenolics, and anthocyanins were observed. In addition, pH, soluble solids, and leaf titratable acidity did not differ significantly among the evaluated genotypes. Leaves of ten genotypes are recommended for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03181
João Augusto Vieira de Oliveira, R. P. Vianello, A. C. Lanna, B. Dedicova, Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha, C. Brondani
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine whether the overexpression of the nuclear Rubisco large subunit (rbcL) improves the drought tolerance of the genetically modified (GM) BRSMG Curinga upland rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar. GM and non-genetically modified (NGM) plants of the same cultivar were compared under the two following water treatments: well watered (WW) and water deficit (WD). The performance of the agronomic traits of GM plants, including grain yield, was superior to that of NGM plants in both treatments. By quantitative polymerase chain reaction, GM plants show a significantly higher expression of the rbcL gene in both WW and WD, as well as a larger amount of abscisic acid. With the RNAseq analysis, almost three times more upregulated genes are identified in GM plants in stage 2 after water restriction, indicating a greater protection against water deficit. The higher expression of genes related to the protection of the cellular metabolism and a series of physiological alterations may be involved in the increase in the drought tolerance of GM rice plants overexpressing the rbcL gene.
{"title":"Drought tolerance induced by the overexpression of the nuclear rbcL gene in rice","authors":"João Augusto Vieira de Oliveira, R. P. Vianello, A. C. Lanna, B. Dedicova, Dhiôvanna Corrêia Rocha, C. Brondani","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03181","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine whether the overexpression of the nuclear Rubisco large subunit (rbcL) improves the drought tolerance of the genetically modified (GM) BRSMG Curinga upland rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar. GM and non-genetically modified (NGM) plants of the same cultivar were compared under the two following water treatments: well watered (WW) and water deficit (WD). The performance of the agronomic traits of GM plants, including grain yield, was superior to that of NGM plants in both treatments. By quantitative polymerase chain reaction, GM plants show a significantly higher expression of the rbcL gene in both WW and WD, as well as a larger amount of abscisic acid. With the RNAseq analysis, almost three times more upregulated genes are identified in GM plants in stage 2 after water restriction, indicating a greater protection against water deficit. The higher expression of genes related to the protection of the cellular metabolism and a series of physiological alterations may be involved in the increase in the drought tolerance of GM rice plants overexpressing the rbcL gene.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02707
Martin de Marco, M. Miele, Leticia Lopes, P. M. D. A. Costa, Jefferson de Santana Jacob, J. Zanella
Abstract The objective of this work was to develop an index of adequacy to minimum biosecurity conditions (IAB) to express the external biosecurity level of pig farms in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Pig farms of producers registered in the database of Companhia Integrada de Desenvolvimento Agrícola de Santa Catarina were sampled through an online questionnaire, with 76 questions on farm identification, production system, relationship with the agroindustry, herd size, and external biosecurity. One hundred questionnaires were answered by the farmers, showing the existence, partial existence, or absence of biosecurity practices, with scores of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.0, respectively, used to calculate the IAB of each farm. The farrow to weaning farms were grouped into three categories of production units (farrow to finishing, farrow to rearing, or farrow to weaning) and two of relationships with the production chain (integrated or independent). The investments necessary to achieve the ideal biosecurity practices were estimated. The farms with a low IAB (< 40%) represented 33% of the total, and the remaining 67% of the farms were classified with a medium or high index, evidencing a good external biosecurity. The IAB can be used to measure the biosecurity of pig farms and, based on their classification, to support the design of intervention plans.
摘要本研究的目的是建立最低生物安全条件(IAB)充分性指数，以表达巴西圣卡塔琳娜州养猪场的外部生物安全水平。对在圣卡塔琳娜整合公司(Agrícola de Santa Catarina)数据库中注册的养殖户养猪场进行在线问卷调查，共有76个问题，涉及农场标识、生产系统、与农业工业的关系、畜群规模和外部生物安全。农民回答了100份问卷，分别显示存在、部分存在或不存在生物安全措施，得分分别为1.0、0.5和0.0，用于计算每个农场的IAB。将产犊至断奶农场分为三类生产单位(产犊至育肥期、产犊至饲养期或产犊至断奶期)和与生产链的两种关系(综合或独立)。估计了实现理想生物安全措施所需的投资。IAB低(< 40%)的养殖场占总数的33%，其余67%的养殖场为中、高指数，表明外部生物安全状况良好。IAB可用于衡量养猪场的生物安全性，并根据其分类，支持干预计划的设计。
{"title":"Biosecurity assessment of commercial pig farms in Santa Catarina, Brazil","authors":"Martin de Marco, M. Miele, Leticia Lopes, P. M. D. A. Costa, Jefferson de Santana Jacob, J. Zanella","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02707","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to develop an index of adequacy to minimum biosecurity conditions (IAB) to express the external biosecurity level of pig farms in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Pig farms of producers registered in the database of Companhia Integrada de Desenvolvimento Agrícola de Santa Catarina were sampled through an online questionnaire, with 76 questions on farm identification, production system, relationship with the agroindustry, herd size, and external biosecurity. One hundred questionnaires were answered by the farmers, showing the existence, partial existence, or absence of biosecurity practices, with scores of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.0, respectively, used to calculate the IAB of each farm. The farrow to weaning farms were grouped into three categories of production units (farrow to finishing, farrow to rearing, or farrow to weaning) and two of relationships with the production chain (integrated or independent). The investments necessary to achieve the ideal biosecurity practices were estimated. The farms with a low IAB (< 40%) represented 33% of the total, and the remaining 67% of the farms were classified with a medium or high index, evidencing a good external biosecurity. The IAB can be used to measure the biosecurity of pig farms and, based on their classification, to support the design of intervention plans.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03180
Júlio Augusto de Castro Miguel, Rita de Kassia Siqueira Teixeira, A. F. B. Abreu, M. A. P. Ramalho, Elaine Aparecida de Souza
Abstract The objective of this work was to verify if there is variability in the dry matter accumulation rate of grains of the carioca-type common bean, as well as to identify the success of selection for this trait and the best time for harvest. Sixteen lines with carioca-type grains were evaluated in three sowing seasons through samples of five plants obtained at regular intervals. A quadratic equation was used to estimate the number of days to obtain the maximum dry matter in the grains. A low variability was observed among the lines, discouraging selection for this trait. The ideal moment for harvesting is when 100% of the grains present the typical stripes of carioca common bean, which may vary among and within pods of the same plant. If the harvest is carried out before complete physiological maturation is reached, the dry matter in the grains decreases, on average, 2.75% per day.
{"title":"Variability among common bean lines for maximum dry matter accumulation in the grains","authors":"Júlio Augusto de Castro Miguel, Rita de Kassia Siqueira Teixeira, A. F. B. Abreu, M. A. P. Ramalho, Elaine Aparecida de Souza","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03180","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to verify if there is variability in the dry matter accumulation rate of grains of the carioca-type common bean, as well as to identify the success of selection for this trait and the best time for harvest. Sixteen lines with carioca-type grains were evaluated in three sowing seasons through samples of five plants obtained at regular intervals. A quadratic equation was used to estimate the number of days to obtain the maximum dry matter in the grains. A low variability was observed among the lines, discouraging selection for this trait. The ideal moment for harvesting is when 100% of the grains present the typical stripes of carioca common bean, which may vary among and within pods of the same plant. If the harvest is carried out before complete physiological maturation is reached, the dry matter in the grains decreases, on average, 2.75% per day.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03156
S. L. Fioreze, Iury Borga, Elisandra Cristina Ribeiro
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the photosynthetic parameters, yield potential, and response to defoliation of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants subjected to tiller removal. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions. In the first, the two following cultivars were evaluated for complete tiller removal: TBIO Audaz and BRS 394, with a high and low tillering capacity, respectively. In the second, only 'TBIO Audaz' was subjected to detillering and defoliation at post-anthesis. Tiller removal increased the yield potential of the main stem of both tested cultivars and the CO2 assimilation potential of the flag leaf, which was possibly a strategy to meet the demands for an increased sink strength, as evidenced by the response curves to irradiance and leaf internal CO2 concentration. The partial defoliation of 'TBIO Audaz' increased daily CO2 assimilation, both in intact and detillered plants. Detillered plants show a higher photosynthetic and yield potential of the main stem, but also a greater sensitivity to defoliation in the post-anthesis period.
{"title":"Physiological and yield parameters of wheat as affected by tiller removal and defoliation","authors":"S. L. Fioreze, Iury Borga, Elisandra Cristina Ribeiro","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03156","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the photosynthetic parameters, yield potential, and response to defoliation of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants subjected to tiller removal. Two experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions. In the first, the two following cultivars were evaluated for complete tiller removal: TBIO Audaz and BRS 394, with a high and low tillering capacity, respectively. In the second, only 'TBIO Audaz' was subjected to detillering and defoliation at post-anthesis. Tiller removal increased the yield potential of the main stem of both tested cultivars and the CO2 assimilation potential of the flag leaf, which was possibly a strategy to meet the demands for an increased sink strength, as evidenced by the response curves to irradiance and leaf internal CO2 concentration. The partial defoliation of 'TBIO Audaz' increased daily CO2 assimilation, both in intact and detillered plants. Detillered plants show a higher photosynthetic and yield potential of the main stem, but also a greater sensitivity to defoliation in the post-anthesis period.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03169
P. H. Cerutti, R. D. Melo, Luan Tiago dos Santos Carbonari, Pedro Antonio Schwarzer, A. F. Guidolin, J. Coimbra, Silmar Primieri
Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate root phenotyping methods and the ideal phenological stage to quantify the root system of fixed and segregating common bean populations, in order to select superior genotypes. The experiment was carried out in two municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and the treatments consisted of six genotypes, the Shovelomics and WinRHIZO root phenotyping methods, and the V4-4, R6, and R8 phenological stages. The simple lattice experimental design was used to evaluate the following variables: basal root angle, vertical root length, left and right horizontal root length, total root length, projected area, and root average volume and diameter. For all variables, there was a significant interaction between phenotyping methods and phenological stages, showing their influence on root system evaluation. The Shovelomics and WinRHIZO phenotyping methods are efficient in quantifying the root system of common bean plants and show specificity for phenological stages, regardless of the genotype. The quantification of the root system of fixed and segregating genotypes is analogous in both methods. The Shovelomics method is more efficient in evaluating the root system of common bean at the R8 stage, and the WinRHIZO method, at the R6 stage.
{"title":"Phenotyping methods and phenological stages to quantify the root system of common bean","authors":"P. H. Cerutti, R. D. Melo, Luan Tiago dos Santos Carbonari, Pedro Antonio Schwarzer, A. F. Guidolin, J. Coimbra, Silmar Primieri","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03169","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate root phenotyping methods and the ideal phenological stage to quantify the root system of fixed and segregating common bean populations, in order to select superior genotypes. The experiment was carried out in two municipalities in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, and the treatments consisted of six genotypes, the Shovelomics and WinRHIZO root phenotyping methods, and the V4-4, R6, and R8 phenological stages. The simple lattice experimental design was used to evaluate the following variables: basal root angle, vertical root length, left and right horizontal root length, total root length, projected area, and root average volume and diameter. For all variables, there was a significant interaction between phenotyping methods and phenological stages, showing their influence on root system evaluation. The Shovelomics and WinRHIZO phenotyping methods are efficient in quantifying the root system of common bean plants and show specificity for phenological stages, regardless of the genotype. The quantification of the root system of fixed and segregating genotypes is analogous in both methods. The Shovelomics method is more efficient in evaluating the root system of common bean at the R8 stage, and the WinRHIZO method, at the R6 stage.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67610313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02892
C. Castro, M. Costa, R. F. Firmano, R. Guardani, George Silva
Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate changes in soil chemical characteristics, phosphorous concentrations in maize leaves, and the agronomic efficiency (AE) of magnesium thermophosphates produced from rocks of the Maicuru complex in the Brazilian Amazon Basin, in comparison with triple superphosphate (TSP). The thermophosphates consisted of a mixture of raw material from apatite, dunite, and quartz sandstone from Maicuru, aiming to adjust the contents of P, Mg, and Si. The mixture was melted, ground, and subjected to the analysis of solubility, chemical characteristics, and granulometry. The experiment consisted of two rates of dolomitic lime (0 and 2.4 Mg ha-1), three rates of P (20, 60, and 100 mg kg-1 soil), and four sources of P (TSP and three Mg thermophosphates), as well as of two control treatments, with and without lime. Three replicates were carried out per treatment in pots containing plants of the BR 5107 maize hybrid. Phosphorous concentration was determined in maize leaves at 45 days after sowing. The Mg thermophosphates showed a high AE and a higher neutralizing effect with the application of lime, which improved soil chemical characteristics and AE. The thermophosphates obtained from rocks of the Maicuru complex can be an alternative P fertilizer in maize production.
{"title":"Magnesium thermophosphates from the Maicuru complex as sources of P and Mg in maize production","authors":"C. Castro, M. Costa, R. F. Firmano, R. Guardani, George Silva","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.02892","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate changes in soil chemical characteristics, phosphorous concentrations in maize leaves, and the agronomic efficiency (AE) of magnesium thermophosphates produced from rocks of the Maicuru complex in the Brazilian Amazon Basin, in comparison with triple superphosphate (TSP). The thermophosphates consisted of a mixture of raw material from apatite, dunite, and quartz sandstone from Maicuru, aiming to adjust the contents of P, Mg, and Si. The mixture was melted, ground, and subjected to the analysis of solubility, chemical characteristics, and granulometry. The experiment consisted of two rates of dolomitic lime (0 and 2.4 Mg ha-1), three rates of P (20, 60, and 100 mg kg-1 soil), and four sources of P (TSP and three Mg thermophosphates), as well as of two control treatments, with and without lime. Three replicates were carried out per treatment in pots containing plants of the BR 5107 maize hybrid. Phosphorous concentration was determined in maize leaves at 45 days after sowing. The Mg thermophosphates showed a high AE and a higher neutralizing effect with the application of lime, which improved soil chemical characteristics and AE. The thermophosphates obtained from rocks of the Maicuru complex can be an alternative P fertilizer in maize production.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67609959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-07DOI: 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03026
Gustavo Sosa-Pérez, S. López-Ortiz, P. Pérez-Hernández, H. Vaquera-Huerta, M. C. Galván, J. Gallegos-Sánchez
Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional content and the degradability of the dry matter and protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha and of a 1:1 mixture of both, offered as supplements to Rambouillet sheep. In situ ruminal degradation was evaluated in three adult rams, fitted with a rumen cannula, with different incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Protein intestinal degradability was quantified with a three-step procedure: in situ ruminal incubation, in vitro enzymatic digestion, and abomasal-intestinal digestion. The fruits of C. mangense and A. cochliacantha contain 21 and 12% crude protein, 47 and 56% neutral detergent fiber, 31 and 43% acid detergent fiber, and 0.9 and 6.0% condensed tannins, respectively. The fruits of C. mangense showed a higher nutritional value and a higher dry matter and crude protein degradability (p<0.05) than those of A. cochliacantha and the 1:1 mixture. The amount of protein that reaches the small intestine is higher for the 1:1, which is an indicative that its tannin concentration is enough to increase the bypass protein that can be absorbed in the small intestine.
{"title":"Degradability of the dry matter and crude protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha in sheep","authors":"Gustavo Sosa-Pérez, S. López-Ortiz, P. Pérez-Hernández, H. Vaquera-Huerta, M. C. Galván, J. Gallegos-Sánchez","doi":"10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2023.v58.03026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the nutritional content and the degradability of the dry matter and protein of fruits of Chloroleucon mangense and Acacia cochliacantha and of a 1:1 mixture of both, offered as supplements to Rambouillet sheep. In situ ruminal degradation was evaluated in three adult rams, fitted with a rumen cannula, with different incubation times of 0, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Protein intestinal degradability was quantified with a three-step procedure: in situ ruminal incubation, in vitro enzymatic digestion, and abomasal-intestinal digestion. The fruits of C. mangense and A. cochliacantha contain 21 and 12% crude protein, 47 and 56% neutral detergent fiber, 31 and 43% acid detergent fiber, and 0.9 and 6.0% condensed tannins, respectively. The fruits of C. mangense showed a higher nutritional value and a higher dry matter and crude protein degradability (p<0.05) than those of A. cochliacantha and the 1:1 mixture. The amount of protein that reaches the small intestine is higher for the 1:1, which is an indicative that its tannin concentration is enough to increase the bypass protein that can be absorbed in the small intestine.","PeriodicalId":19826,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67609691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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