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引用次数: 5
摘要
渗透蒸发是一种膜工艺，具有很高的分离性能，在处理含盐水源方面具有重要的潜力。本研究采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚乙烯醇(PVA)和PVA- sio2纳米复合膜，并对合成海水(35 g L-1)在30、40和50℃条件下进行了渗透脱盐研究。研究了温度和SiO2掺入量对聚合物纳米复合膜渗透汽化性能的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和热重分析(TGA)对膜进行了表征。在50?C的渗透通量为4.93 kg m-2 h-1，盐去除率为99.3%。在温度为30℃时，最高的脱盐率为99.8%。结果表明，在聚合物基体中掺入纳米sio2后，PVA膜的渗透汽化性能得到了显著提高。
Preparation and characterization of PVA-SiO2 nanocomposite membranes for seawater desalination by pervaporation
Pervaporation is a membrane process that offers high separation performance and has an important potential for the treatment of saline water sources. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and PVA-SiO2 nanocomposite membranes were prepared by the solution-casting method, and pervaporative water desalination studies were carried out for synthetic seawater (35 g L-1) at 30, 40 and 50?C. Effects of the temperatures and the incorporation of SiO2 on the pervaporation performance of polymeric nanocomposite membranes were investigated. Membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In experiments conducted at 50?C, a permeate flux of 4.93 kg m-2 h-1 with a salt rejection of 99.3% were obtained. The highest salt rejection was 99.8% at temperature of 30?C. The results showed that the pervaporation performance of PVA membranes was remarkably enhanced with the incorporation of nano-SiO2 into polymeric matrix.
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