在过渡期,太阳日粮对蜜蜂生理和代谢的影响与原子氧的光合作用相反。

IF 0.5 Q4 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science Pub Date : 2016-09-07 DOI:10.22067/IJASR.V8I1.21117
Hossain, E. A. Awad
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引用次数: 0

摘要

氧化应激是机体自由基生成与抗氧化防御失衡所引起的代谢和生理状态。在某些生理状态下,如快速生长、分娩、疾病和高产率时,会发生这种不平衡。高产奶牛可能存在氧化应激,需要补充抗氧化剂。哺乳期早期的负能量平衡迫使营养专家使用油和高NFC日粮,以超过高产奶牛(如荷斯坦奶牛和萨宁山羊)的需求。近年来,草药或有机抗氧化剂在动物营养中的应用受到越来越多的关注。本试验旨在研究氧化大豆油(OSO)加石榴籽(PS)作为天然抗氧化剂对育肥山羊代谢和生理的影响。材料与方法选用18只初生体重为47±9 kg的沙嫩奶山羊,采用完全随机设计,在预产期前21 d内分别饲喂3种饲粮,重复测量。试验包括:1)基础饲粮加4%鲜豆油(FSO), 2)基础饲粮加4%氧化豆油(DM), 3)基础饲粮加4%鲜豆油和8%石榴籽(OSO- ps)。饲喂试验饲粮2周后,采集山羊血液、瘤胃液、粪便和尿液,测定血糖、BHBA、脂质和氮谱、瘤胃液氨氮、尿液pH值和体积、粪便定性和定量变量及营养物质消化率等参数。采用SAS软件v.9.2的GLM程序进行统计分析。模型中使用初始体重和代谢变量作为协变量。结果与讨论OSO降低了所有营养物质的消化率、瘤胃氨氮和自愿采食量(p<0.05), OSO- ps显著提高了瘤胃氨氮和自愿采食量(p<0.05)。与其他治疗相比,OSO-PS显著降低了尿pH值。与其他处理相比,OSO组尿量增加(p<0.05),粪便体积和湿度显著降低。氧化大豆油(处理2)和OSO- ps(处理3)与假对照(FSO)相比显著降低了三碘甲状腺原氨酸和肌酐浓度,OSO和OSO- ps与假对照(FSO)相比显著降低和升高了空腹血糖(p<0.05)。所有类型胆固醇的代谢均显著改变,但其他参数的波动在不同饮食之间无显著差异。这一结果与其他反刍动物草药抗氧化喂养的研究结果一致,但不同之处在于本试验中受刺激氧化应激的研究情况。提示石榴籽的抗氧化能力可能是降低上皮细胞对自由基和其他脂质过氧化物的周转率的有效因素。结论OSO总体上刺激了氧化应激代谢指标和状态,但PS的激素和抗氧化作用改善了大部分代谢和生理指标,提高了营养物质消化率、血液参数、尿液参数和面部参数以及瘤胃状态,提示石榴籽或其衍生物,无论是生的还是加工的,都可能对家畜的经济和健康参数产生潜在影响。另外,在预备乳用动物中添加石榴籽对降低pH值可能是一种酸化日粮和动物体以预防代谢紊乱的良好策略。
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اثر تغذیه روغن سویای اکسید شده در تقابل با نقش آنتی اکسیدانی هسته انار بر فیزیولوژی و متابولیسم بزهای سانن در دوره انتقال
Introduction Oxidative stress is metabolic and physiologic status caused by imbalance between free radical production and antioxidant defense of body. In some physiological status such as rapid growth, parturition, disease and high production rate that imbalance would occur. High producing dairy animals are suspected to oxidative stress and require to antioxidant supplementation. Negative energy balance in early lactation force the nutrition specialist to apply oil and high NFC diet to exceed the requirement of high producing dairy animals such as Holstein cows and Saanen goats. In recent years, the attention to the use of herbal or organic antioxidant in animal nutrition has increased. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of feeding oxidized soybean oil (OSO) plus pomegranate seed (PS) as a natural antioxidant, on metabolism and physiology of Preparturient Saanen Goats. Materials and Methods Eighteen Saanen dairy goats with initial body weight of 47 ± 9 kg were assigned to three dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with repeated measurements for 21 days before anticipated parturition. Experimental treatments including: 1) base diet and 4% fresh soybean oil (FSO), 2) base diet and 4% oxidized soybean oil (DM basis) respectively, and 3) base diet plus 4% OSO and 8% Pomegranate seed (OSO-PS). After 2 weeks of feeding trial diets, goats were sampled for blood, rumen liquor, faeces and urine for measuring parameters of blood glucose, BHBA, lipid and nitrogen profile, rumen liquor ammonia nitrogen, urine pH and volume, faeces qualitative and quantitative variables and other responses such as nutrients digestibility. The GLM procedure of SAS software v.9.2 were used for statistical analysis. Initial body weight and metabolic variables were used as covariate in the model. Results and discussion All nutrients digestibility, Ruminal ammonia nitrogen and voluntary feed intake were decreased by OSO (p<0.05) and increased significantly by OSO-PS vs. FSO. Urinary pH was significantly decreased by OSO-PS in comparison with other treatments. Urinary volume was increased (p<0.05) and the faeces bolus Volume and humidity significantly reduced by OSO vs. other treatments. Triiodothyronine and creatinine concentration were significantly decreased by oxidized soybean oil (treatment 2) and OSO-PS (treatment 3) compared to sham control (FSO), and fasting glucose was significantly decreased and increased by OSO and OSO-PS vs. FSO (p<0.05), respectively. The metabolism of all types of Cholesterol was significantly altered by the treatments but the fluctuations of other parameters were not significantly differed among diets. This result is in accordance with other studies on herbal antioxidant feeding to ruminant, but the difference is in study situation of stimulated oxidative stress in this trial. Its might be suggested that antioxidant capacity of pomegranate seed could be an effective agent on saving turnover rate of epithelium against free radicals and other lipid peroxides. Conclusion Generally, oxidative stress metabolic signs and statues were stimulated by OSO but most metabolic and physiological indices were improved by hormonal and antioxidant effects of PS. Improved nutrients digestibility, blood parameters, urine and faces variables and rumen statues regarding to the results, proposed that pomegranate seed or other derivatives, raw or processed form could have a potential effect on economical and health parameters of domestic animals. Also regarding to lowering pH potential of pomegranate seed, it's supplementation in preparturient dairy animals might be a good strategy for acidifying diet and animal body to the prevention of metabolic disorders.
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来源期刊
Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science
Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science (IJAS) is an international journal publishing Research Articles (Full-Length Original Scientific Papers), Short Communications and Review on animal sciences, and related areas. The journal covers all related topics of Animal Science. Papers are welcome reporting studies in all aspects of animal science including: - Animal breeding and genetics (such as quantitative and molecular analysis of animal performance, genetic improvement and resources, genetics of physiological process, selection schemes for economic animal improvement, impact on animal health, etc) - Animal feeding and nutrition (such as food intake, digestion, nutrigenomics/nutrient: gene interactions, metabolism and metabolomics, nutritional control of function and performance, feed evaluation and feeding, diet and animal health) - Animal reproduction - Animal biotechnology - Animal physiology and functional biology of systems (such as reproductive and developmental biology, growth, muscle biology, lactation, exercise, product composition etc) - Animal ethology, behavior and welfare (such as social and sexual behavior, animal- man relationships, adaptation, stress, impact of management and environment on health, etc) - Animal products technology - Animal management and economics - Animal products processing and animal by-products - Animal microbiology - Livestock farming systems, environmental impact and climate changes (such as sustainable livestock management systems, whole farm management strategies, animal work, systems modeling, traceability, socio-economic consequences of systems, the impact of animals on biodiversity and landscape and climate changes, etc). - Other related topics (such as engineering, farming and land-use management and to other disciplines in relation to animal science).
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