埃塞俄比亚西南部Tepi地区姜细菌性枯萎病(Ralstonia solanacearum)流行的生物熏蒸管理

Merga Jibat, Shamil Alo
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摘要

埃塞俄比亚生姜细菌性枯萎病(Bacterial wilt of ginger)是由枯枯病(Ralstonia solanacearum)引起的危害最大的病害,它导致生姜萎蔫迅速而严重,降低了生姜根茎的质量和产量。为此,在埃塞俄比亚开展了2019年和2020年主要种植季不同生物熏蒸剂对青枯病的防治效果试验。实验是在特皮农业研究中心进行的。种植前施用不同的生物熏蒸土壤改良剂(香茅、棕榈草、薄荷、柠檬草和韭菜)。试验采用完全随机区组设计,有3个重复。变异检验表明,土壤改良剂能显著降低青枯病的严重程度,提高根茎产量和成分。与未经处理的对照相比,用柠檬草进行土壤生物熏蒸可使根茎产量增加约90.2%。对照区青枯病对根茎产量的相对平均损失率为47.4%。青枯病严重程度与根茎产量呈极显著负相关(p ?0.01)关系(r = -0.90)。该研究的总体结果表明,在试验区和进一步类似的农业生态中,种植前应使用植物制剂,特别是柠檬草进行土壤改良剂来管理生姜青枯病。
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Management of ginger bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) epidemics by biofumigation at Tepi, southwestern Ethiopia
Bacterial wilt of ginger, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is the most damaging disease, which brings rapid and serious wilting, and reduces the quality and yield of ginger rhizome in Ethiopia. Thus, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different biofumigants on bacterial wilt in Ethiopia during the 2019 and 2020 main cropping seasons. The experiments were conducted at the Tepi Agricultural Research Center. Different biofumigation soil amendments (citronella, palmarosa, mint, lemongrass and Chinese chive) were applied before planting. The trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Examination of variance showed that soil amendments with biofumigants strongly decreased bacterial wilt severity and improved rhizome yield and components. Rhizome yield gains of about 90.2% were achieved by soil biofumigation with lemongrass, as compared to untreated control. The relative mean rhizome yield damage due to bacterial wilt in the control plot was 47.4%. Wilt severity was inversely and very significantly (p ?0.01) proportional (r = -0.90) to rhizome yield. The overall results of the study show that soil amendments with botanicals, particularly lemongrass, before planting should be used to manage ginger bacterial wilt in experimental areas and further similar agro-ecologies.
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Influence of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria on quality parameters of pepper seed from Serbia Corrigendum to “The dark-red spider mite, Tetranychus ludeni Zacher (Acari: Tetranychidae) - a new pest in Serbian acarofauna” Ivana Maric, Irena Medjo and Dejan Marcic (volume 37, issue 3, pp. 85-93; doi: https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF2203085M) Can Sclerotinia stem and root rot be managed effectively without causing environmental imbalance in soil? Management of ginger bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) epidemics by soil solarization and botanical mulching at Tepi, Southwestern Ethiopia Sensitivity of Cuscuta species and their hosts to Anethum graveolens essential oil
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