美国公共土地放牧使用和管理模式的转变

IF 3.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Frontiers Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI:10.2527/AF.2015-0045
A. Hendrickson
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引用次数: 3

摘要

•美国西部一直是一个粮食安全资源,从放牧牲畜中产生持续供应的营养丰富的高蛋白食物。•美国西部的大部分土地都是“公共土地”,由美国联邦土地管理机构管理。历史上,公共土地一直被用来提供多种有益于人类的生态系统服务,其中包括放牧牲畜的粮食生产。•美国最近的公共土地管理政策特别关注野生动物物种,导致联邦公共土地永久退出牲畜放牧和粮食生产。•减少或取消联邦公共土地放牧的决定反映了长期以来旨在确保国内食品和纤维供应的联邦政策的转变。•大约23%的美国绵羊产业正面临着公共土地放牧机会的丧失,这将不可挽回地改变许多小企业和家庭拥有的牲畜经营以及依赖周围公共土地的农村社区。•消除牲畜放牧使土地管理者失去了保持牧场和森林健康、改善野生动物栖息地、控制入侵杂草和减轻野火风险的有效工具。
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A paradigm shift in use and management of United States public lands for livestock grazing
• The western United States (US) has been a food-security resource to generate a consistent supply of nutritious, high-protein foods from grazing livestock. • Much of the lands in the western US are “public lands” that are administered by US federal land management agencies. Public lands have been historically used to provide multiple ecosystem services that benefit humans, which include food production from grazing livestock. • Recent US public land management policies that have been focused specifically on wildlife species-of-interest have resulted in permanent withdrawal of federal public lands from livestock grazing and food production. • Decisions to reduce or eliminate grazing on federal public lands reflect a shift from long-standing federal policies designed to ensure a ready supply of domestic food and fiber. • Approximately 23% of the US sheep industry is facing imminent loss of grazing access to public lands, which will irretrievably alter the many small-business and family-owned livestock operations and the rural communities that rely on the public lands that surround them. • Elimination of livestock grazing removes an effective tool for land managers to maintain range and forest health, enhancing wildlife habitat, controlling invasive weeds, and mitigating wildfire risk.
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来源期刊
Animal Frontiers
Animal Frontiers Veterinary-Food Animals
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
5.60%
发文量
74
期刊介绍: Animal Frontiers is the official journal of the following globally active professional animal science societies: ASAS, the American Society of Animal Science CSAS, the Canadian Society of Animal Science EAAP, the European Federation of Animal Science AMSA, the American Meat Science Association These organizations are dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of science-based knowledge concerning animal agriculture. Animal Frontiers provides a novel forum for innovative and timely perspectives that have relevance to understanding the complex dynamics at work through animal agriculture. Animal Frontiers publishes discussion and position papers that present several international perspectives on the status of high-impact, global issues in animal agriculture. Every issue will explore a theme of broad and current interest within animal science and animal agriculture.
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