The Drying Temperature Impact on Curcumin - Piperine Dissolution and Its Kinetic Release: Application of A Spray Dryer on the Preparation of Solid Dispersion-based Microparticle Containing Curcuma longa and Piper Nigrum Extracts

: After oral administration, low water solubility and rapid pre-systemic metabolism contribute to curcumin's poor bioavailability. To solve the bioavailability issue, piperine, a natural bioenhancer, can be coupled with curcumin in a solid dispersion-based microparticle formulation (SD). This study's objective was to understand drying temperature's effect on the yield and dissolution behaviour of curcumin and piperine in the SD containing C.longa and P.nigurm extracts at a weight ratio of 3:1. The SD was prepared on a solvent method and used polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 as a carrier. Spray drying was operated at 105°C, 115°C, and 125°C to evaporate the solvent. The yield and dissolution behaviour of curcumin and piperine were their defining characteristics, and the dissolution efficiency (DE) was used to compare the dissolution profiles. The kinetic release model of curcumin and piperine was determined using DDsolver software. The results demonstrate that the SD's yield increases as inlet temperature increases, from 33.60% at 105°C to 35.75% at 115°C to 39.30% at 125°C. The dissolution of curcumin and piperine from the SD increases along with the rise in drying temperature. Variation in drying temperature provides a different kinetic model of curcumin and piperine release. The Weibull model describes the release kinetic of curcumin and piperine at almost used drying temperatures; however, the release of piperine from the SD prepared at 125°C fits the zero-order model.