Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8464
Ayush Thakur, Anshu Kumari, Shiwank Rana
Various Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools were utilized to verify the irrationality of Fixed-Dose-Combinations (FDCs) which were already proven irrational by CDSCO. SwissADME, one of the AI tools was able to generate properties of FDCs by using two-dimensional structures downloaded from Pubchem (a free data source). Another interesting finding was obtained by using two different AI tools ChatGPT and BARD. These AI tools identified uncommon comparative properties and predicted most of the FDCs are irrational. This suggests that these AI tools can play a crucial role in identifying irrationality in drugs. Additionally, the study looked into drug–drug interactions, and it was found that most of the FDCs are exhibited such interactions. AI tools were capable of analysing the irrationality of a significant number of drugs. However, SwissADME, one of the AI tools has limited capability in processing large structures. This proves the further need for improvements in AI technology to produce more accurate and comprehensive analyses.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence approach to verify irrationality of FDCs listed by CDSCO","authors":"Ayush Thakur, Anshu Kumari, Shiwank Rana","doi":"10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8464","url":null,"abstract":"Various Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools were utilized to verify the irrationality of Fixed-Dose-Combinations (FDCs) which were already proven irrational by CDSCO. SwissADME, one of the AI tools was able to generate properties of FDCs by using two-dimensional structures downloaded from Pubchem (a free data source). Another interesting finding was obtained by using two different AI tools ChatGPT and BARD. These AI tools identified uncommon comparative properties and predicted most of the FDCs are irrational. This suggests that these AI tools can play a crucial role in identifying irrationality in drugs. Additionally, the study looked into drug–drug interactions, and it was found that most of the FDCs are exhibited such interactions. AI tools were capable of analysing the irrationality of a significant number of drugs. However, SwissADME, one of the AI tools has limited capability in processing large structures. This proves the further need for improvements in AI technology to produce more accurate and comprehensive analyses.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82804917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8449
G. Kulkarni
The healing potential and usefulness of plants is known since historic times. Impatiens walleriana Hook.f. (Family - Balsaminaceae) is the most cultivated plant from the genus “Impatiens”. It is explored by floriculture and horticulture industries. It has culinary uses with the potential to be researched by the food industry. Many modern medicines are plant-derived and I. walleriana has the potential to be used as medicine as backed by ethnopharmacological data. I. walleriana finds a number of traditional/folk medicinal claims. All parts of the plant and in varied formulations are used traditionally to treat various ailments. The data reviewed shows its safety in uses and its nontoxic nature. Among the Impatiens species I. walleriana is the less researched one. Few studies pertaining to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor activities are reported. Phytochemical constituents have been identified and reported by some researchers. Following a detailed study of published information and reported activities current review on the one hand summarizes the research work that has been carried out on the other hand gives food for thought for researchers to undertake more work in the direction of finding its usefulness using scientific methodologies and establishing the ethnic claims.
{"title":"Potential of Impatiens walleriana Hook.f. as medicinal herb and otherwise - An update","authors":"G. Kulkarni","doi":"10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8449","url":null,"abstract":"The healing potential and usefulness of plants is known since historic times. Impatiens walleriana Hook.f. (Family - Balsaminaceae) is the most cultivated plant from the genus “Impatiens”. It is explored by floriculture and horticulture industries. It has culinary uses with the potential to be researched by the food industry. Many modern medicines are plant-derived and I. walleriana has the potential to be used as medicine as backed by ethnopharmacological data. I. walleriana finds a number of traditional/folk medicinal claims. All parts of the plant and in varied formulations are used traditionally to treat various ailments. The data reviewed shows its safety in uses and its nontoxic nature. Among the Impatiens species I. walleriana is the less researched one. Few studies pertaining to its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor activities are reported. Phytochemical constituents have been identified and reported by some researchers. Following a detailed study of published information and reported activities current review on the one hand summarizes the research work that has been carried out on the other hand gives food for thought for researchers to undertake more work in the direction of finding its usefulness using scientific methodologies and establishing the ethnic claims.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81010074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-09DOI: 10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8124
Rama Thyloor, T. S. Nagamani, H. G. Gowtham, H. B. K. Kumar
Genetic research on schizophrenia, a common psychiatric disease with complex etiology and high (56-80%) heritability, has failed to identify causal genes, variants or causative mechanisms. Given the extensive effort and limited success to date, it is imperative to review potential reasons for this missing heritability. We argue that a successful elucidation of hereditary mechanisms in schizophrenia will likely involve; the identification of discrete endophenotypes; attention to the role of neurodevelopment and cell differentiation; consideration of the genome structure including temporal and spatial patterns, accommodation of environmental effects at the level of gene expression including any sex differences and pattern of mutations including de novo events and the use of analytic techniques that go beyond genome wide association studies. Identification of the heritable component of schizophrenia and sources of “missing heritability” is needed to understand the cause/s of the disorder and to facilitate the development of effective corrective and possibly preventive measures.
{"title":"Missing heritability paradox in schizophrenia: hypothesis and plausible clues","authors":"Rama Thyloor, T. S. Nagamani, H. G. Gowtham, H. B. K. Kumar","doi":"10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8124","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic research on schizophrenia, a common psychiatric disease with complex etiology and high (56-80%) heritability, has failed to identify causal genes, variants or causative mechanisms. Given the extensive effort and limited success to date, it is imperative to review potential reasons for this missing heritability. We argue that a successful elucidation of hereditary mechanisms in schizophrenia will likely involve; the identification of discrete endophenotypes; attention to the role of neurodevelopment and cell differentiation; consideration of the genome structure including temporal and spatial patterns, accommodation of environmental effects at the level of gene expression including any sex differences and pattern of mutations including de novo events and the use of analytic techniques that go beyond genome wide association studies. Identification of the heritable component of schizophrenia and sources of “missing heritability” is needed to understand the cause/s of the disorder and to facilitate the development of effective corrective and possibly preventive measures.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75105300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8054
Pranjal Sachan
Calcium is one of the most fundamentally significant and essential component for the human body since it makes up the majority of the skeletal system in humans (98%). The goal of the present review study was to discuss calcium’s importance in everyday life, calcium absorption theories, eggshell (ES) deposition, and its nutritional makeup. There are two phases to ES formation. 5.5 grams of calcium carbonate, or about 95% of the dry ES, are present. One ES contains traces of sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, iron, and copper as well as 0.3% phosphorus, 0.3% magnesium, and sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, and iron. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption; hence, calcium bioavailability is influenced by dietary calcium intake as well as vitamin D status. Calcium may reabsorb at a number of places along the nephron. Intestinal acidity (particularly for CaCO3 absorption), oestrogen, vitamin D, and soluble fibre/prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are some of the elements that have been shown to favourably boost calcium absorption. Pulsed electric fields, high-energy milling, and electric discharge-assisted mechanical milling are relevant techniques that have been studied and might be used to extract calcium from ESs. Researchers looked at the health benefits of eggshells and different ways to get the calcium out of eggshells to see if they could be used to make a good calcium supplement.
{"title":"An Egg Shell: A Nutritional Profile and Health Benefits","authors":"Pranjal Sachan","doi":"10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25081/rip.2023.v13.8054","url":null,"abstract":"Calcium is one of the most fundamentally significant and essential component for the human body since it makes up the majority of the skeletal system in humans (98%). The goal of the present review study was to discuss calcium’s importance in everyday life, calcium absorption theories, eggshell (ES) deposition, and its nutritional makeup. There are two phases to ES formation. 5.5 grams of calcium carbonate, or about 95% of the dry ES, are present. One ES contains traces of sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, iron, and copper as well as 0.3% phosphorus, 0.3% magnesium, and sodium, potassium, zinc, manganese, and iron. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption; hence, calcium bioavailability is influenced by dietary calcium intake as well as vitamin D status. Calcium may reabsorb at a number of places along the nephron. Intestinal acidity (particularly for CaCO3 absorption), oestrogen, vitamin D, and soluble fibre/prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are some of the elements that have been shown to favourably boost calcium absorption. Pulsed electric fields, high-energy milling, and electric discharge-assisted mechanical milling are relevant techniques that have been studied and might be used to extract calcium from ESs. Researchers looked at the health benefits of eggshells and different ways to get the calcium out of eggshells to see if they could be used to make a good calcium supplement.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80963232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Many molecular modeling methods have been used for the discovery of new drugs and compounds. Human acetylcholinesterase (AchE), an important target for therapeutic drugs, is docked with AutoDock Vina software embedded in the UCSF Chimera, together with current drug ligands used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and phytochemicals that slow the onset and progression of the disease. Considering protein ligand interactions, affinities and molecular properties, the variance map of the simulated quercetin-AchE complex yielded reasonable results with the molecular dynamics simulation program iMod server, and it can be said that this structure has the potential to act as an inhibitor.
{"title":"Molecular Modelling of Some Ligands Against Acetylcholinesterase to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"Şaban KALAY, Hatice AKKAYA","doi":"10.29228/jrp.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.510","url":null,"abstract":": Many molecular modeling methods have been used for the discovery of new drugs and compounds. Human acetylcholinesterase (AchE), an important target for therapeutic drugs, is docked with AutoDock Vina software embedded in the UCSF Chimera, together with current drug ligands used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and phytochemicals that slow the onset and progression of the disease. Considering protein ligand interactions, affinities and molecular properties, the variance map of the simulated quercetin-AchE complex yielded reasonable results with the molecular dynamics simulation program iMod server, and it can be said that this structure has the potential to act as an inhibitor.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"0 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consist of an enzyme family of eleven groups responsible for the hydrolytic breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cAMP and cGMP are important secondary messengers that regulate physiological functions. The widespread expression of PDE3 in tissues and organs makes it an attractive therapeutic target. For decades, PDE3 inhibitors have been acknowledged as significant pharmaceutical agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders due to their inotropic and vasodilatory actions. Emerging data, however, suggests that the potential therapeutic application of PDE3 inhibitors has gone beyond their traditional cardiovascular applications. This comprehensive review aims to explore the non-cardiovascular developments related to PDE3 inhibitors, exploring their mechanism of action, and clinical trials.
{"title":"Beyond the heart - Exploring the therapeutic potential of PDE3 inhibitors","authors":"Muhammed TRAWALLY","doi":"10.29228/jrp.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.512","url":null,"abstract":": Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) consist of an enzyme family of eleven groups responsible for the hydrolytic breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). cAMP and cGMP are important secondary messengers that regulate physiological functions. The widespread expression of PDE3 in tissues and organs makes it an attractive therapeutic target. For decades, PDE3 inhibitors have been acknowledged as significant pharmaceutical agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders due to their inotropic and vasodilatory actions. Emerging data, however, suggests that the potential therapeutic application of PDE3 inhibitors has gone beyond their traditional cardiovascular applications. This comprehensive review aims to explore the non-cardiovascular developments related to PDE3 inhibitors, exploring their mechanism of action, and clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135311974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"In vitro investigation of genoprotective and antioxidant effects of santalol in CCD-1079Sk human skin fibroblast cells.","authors":"Aysenur GUNAYDIN AKYILDIZ, Emine Nihan ILHAN, Zehra SEKER, Nergis AKSOY","doi":"10.29228/jrp.493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135599381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of The Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell- Derived Conditioned Medium on Wound Healing Through Scratch Test and Teer Analysis.","authors":"Tolga AKKOÇ, Burak AKSU","doi":"10.29228/jrp.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.492","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135599388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roney MIAH, Kelvin Wong Khai VOON, AKM Moyeenul HUQ, Kamal RULLAH, Saiful Nizam TAJUDDIN, Hazrulrizawati Adb HAMID, Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd ALUWI
{"title":"Pharmacophore-based Molecular Docking of Usnic Acid Derivatives to Discover Anti-viral drugs Against Influenza A Virus","authors":"Roney MIAH, Kelvin Wong Khai VOON, AKM Moyeenul HUQ, Kamal RULLAH, Saiful Nizam TAJUDDIN, Hazrulrizawati Adb HAMID, Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd ALUWI","doi":"10.29228/jrp.396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135686174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Srivastava, R. Tiwari, Rajvir Singh, Abhishek Srivastava, Deepa Lakhmani, R. Vishnoi
{"title":"Design and synthesis of novel lactam/thiazole derivatives having five membered thiazolyl ring and their antimicrobial activity","authors":"K. Srivastava, R. Tiwari, Rajvir Singh, Abhishek Srivastava, Deepa Lakhmani, R. Vishnoi","doi":"10.29228/jrp.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29228/jrp.308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17096,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Pharmacy","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69836689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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