一种解释宿主物种对多宿主寄生虫抗性差异的假说

IF 0.2 Q4 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY Ideas in Ecology and Evolution Pub Date : 2014-03-24 DOI:10.4033/IEE.2014.7.5.N
M. Forbes, Julia J. Mlynarek
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引用次数: 4

摘要

在这里,我们提出了一个新的假设来解释为什么一些宿主物种进化出耐药性,而其他相关物种仍然对共同的寄生虫物种敏感。我们首先描述了单个水螨物种在不同种类的寄主蜻蜓上外寄生的实例,其中螨虫被抗性机制杀死,并且对某些寄主物种几乎没有适应性。这就引出了一个问题,为什么有些宿主物种是易感的,而另一些宿主物种(几乎)完全耐药。先前的逻辑认为,寄生物利用丰富的寄主物种的代价是利用稀有的寄主物种,这并不能很好地解释这种情况。相反,一种基于某些宿主物种的封闭种群能够进化出寄生虫识别的假设被引用。寄生物识别预计不会在宿主物种中从更开放的种群中进化而来,这些种群具有相当大的基因跨位点流动,只有一些位点存在寄生物。这一假设的逻辑可以通过模拟模型来探索,而经验检验可以包括使用分子遗传学、群体遗传学、实验感染和移植实验的综合方法。
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A hypothesis to explain host species differences in resistance to multi-host parasites
Here, we offer a novel hypothesis to explain why some host species evolve resistance, whereas other related species remain susceptible to a shared parasite species. We first describe instances of single water mite species that are ectoparasitic on different species of host dragonflies, where the mites are killed by resistance mechanisms and have little to no fitness on some host species. This begs the question of why some host species are susceptible, whereas other host species are (nearly) completely resistant. Earlier logic based on parasites exploiting abundant host species at the cost of exploiting rare host species does not explain such instances well. Rather, a hypothesis based on closed populations of some host species being able to evolve parasite recognition is invoked. Parasite recognition is not expected to evolve in host species from more open populations with considerable gene flow across sites, only some sites of which have the parasite species present. The logic of this hypothesis can be explored with simulation models, whereas empirical tests could involve combined approaches using molecular genetics, population genetics, experimental infections and transplantation experiments.
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来源期刊
Ideas in Ecology and Evolution
Ideas in Ecology and Evolution EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
审稿时长
36 weeks
期刊最新文献
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