在民主与独裁之间:混合政体与法治

Marica Mišić
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引用次数: 0

摘要

过去和正在发生的与大流行病有关的政治事务,特别是在塞尔维亚(符合混合政权的概念),在一些律师中引发了关于总统宣布紧急状态是否符合宪法的讨论。这就是Kelsen - Schmitt辩论的动机:谁应该成为宪法的守护者,并将其与当代混合政权进行比较。混合政体中出现的一些问题与法治、议会和宪法的作用有关。大多数当代宪法是以法治为基础的,法治是通过多元化、自由和公正的选举、宪法对人权和少数人权利的保障、权力分立、司法独立以及对宪法和法律的遵守来实现的。以塞尔维亚为例,我们可以注意到,法治和议会作为制宪和立法权力的承载者的作用受到混合政权中潜在独裁统治的威胁。
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Between democracy and dictatorship: Hybrid regime and rule of law
Past and on-going political affairs linked to the pandemic, particularly in Serbia (which fits the concept of a hybrid regime), created discussions among some lawyers on whether the President's declaration of a state of emergency was constitutional or not. This is the motivation for a Kelsen - Schmitt debate about who ought to be the guardian of the constitution and drawing some parallels with contemporary hybrid regimes. Some of the problems that arise in hybrid regimes are in relation to the rule of law, the role of the parliament and the constitution. Most contemporary constitutions are based on the rule of law, which is exercised through pluralism, free and fair elections, constitutional guarantees of human and minority rights, separation of powers, an independent judiciary and obedience of the constitution and the law. Using Serbia as an example, we can notice that the rule of law and the role of parliament as the bearer of constituent and legislative authority are endangered by potential dictatorships in hybrid regimes.
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12 weeks
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