对环境的刑事犯罪:塞尔维亚的刑事立法和国际法律标准:是否符合?

M. Alimpić
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从塞尔维亚共和国的刑事立法和国际法律标准的角度来看,危害环境的刑事犯罪问题-在本文中,通过七组问题,介绍性考虑和文本末尾的结束语,专业和批判性地分析了它们的相互遵从性。从选题的时效性和研究的范围来看,本文主要关注四组问题。这些问题涉及:一般生态和环境保护(其重要性、普遍性和保护必要性的原因);环境保护的国际法律标准;塞尔维亚共和国环境保护的法律框架- -其宪法和刑法方面;分析在诺维萨德上诉法院的领土管辖范围内侦查和证明这些刑事犯罪的实践中适用环境保护刑法规定的情况。对有关问题的专业和批判性分析产生了三个关键结果。首先,《塞尔维亚共和国宪法》承认享有健康环境的权利是一项基本人权,并为详细管理这一重要问题提供了良好的法律框架。第二,塞尔维亚共和国的刑事立法在很大程度上符合有关环境犯罪的国际法律标准,并为改善环境保护提供了良好的基础。第三,与许多其他受法律规制的生活领域一样,规章在实践中的适用落后于法律规制。最后,在解决环境犯罪的刑事案件方面必须采取多学科办法,高等法院应组成由法官、检察官和警官组成的专门小组,并训练他们更充分地处理这类案件。
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Criminal offenses against the environment: Criminal legislation of Serbia and international legal standards: In compliance or not?
The issue of criminal offenses against the environment from the aspect of the criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia and international legal standards - in this paper, their mutual compliance is expertly and critically analyzed through seven groups of questions, introductory considerations, and concluding remarks given at the end of the text. There are four groups of issues that the paper focuses on in terms of topicality and scope of research. These are issues concerning: Ecology and environmental protection in general (its importance, universality, and reasons for the necessity of protection; International legal standards of environmental protection; The legal framework for environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia - its constitutional and criminal law aspect; The analysis of the application of criminal law provisions on environmental protection in the practice of detecting and proving these criminal offenses within the territorial jurisdiction of the Appellate Court in Novi Sad. The professional and critical analysis of the issue in question has yielded three key results. Firstly, the Constitution of the Republic of Serbia recognizes the right to a healthy environment as one of the basic human rights and provides a good legal framework for the detailed regulation of this important issue. Secondly, the criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia is largely aligned with international legal standards related to environmental crimes and provides an excellent basis for improved environmental protection. Thirdly, as with many other legally regulated spheres of life, the application of regulations in practice lags behind legal regulation. Finally, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary in resolving criminal cases of environmental crime, and specialized teams composed of judges, prosecutors, and police officers should be formed at higher courts and trained to handle such cases more adequately.
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