消极生活事件的神经相关性及其与酒精和大麻使用开始的关系。

IF 8.3 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI:10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437
Yihong Zhao, Marc N Potenza, Susan F Tapert, Martin P Paulus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标:消极生活事件(NLE),如学习成绩差(可控)或成为犯罪受害者(不可控),会深刻影响一个人的生活轨迹。然而,它们对大脑发育的影响仍然没有得到很好的理解。这项调查检查了国家青少年酒精和神经发育联盟(NCANDA)数据集,以了解NLE对酒精和大麻使用的影响,以及潜在的神经机制。方法:本研究评估了207名开始饮酒的青年和168名开始吸食大麻的青年中可控和不可控NLE对物质使用开始的影响,并使用广义线性回归模型将其与128名保持物质天真的青年进行了比较。进行中介分析以确定NLE影响物质使用轨迹的神经途径。结果:观察到可控NLE和物质使用开始之间的剂量-反应关系。拥有一种可控的NLE可使酒精引发的几率分别增加50%(95%CI[1.18,1.93])和大麻引发的几率增加73%(95%CI[1.36,2.24])。颞上沟左岸更大的皮层厚度介导了可控NLE对酒精和大麻引发的影响。更大的左尾状灰质体积介导了可控NLE对大麻起始的影响。结论:可控制但并非不可控制的NLE增加了酒精和大麻引发的几率。此外,那些在NLE时大脑结构不太成熟的人在随后开始饮酒或吸食大麻时受到了更大的NLE影响。针对经历可控NLE的年轻人可能有助于减少酒精和大麻的产生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation.

Objective: Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms.

Methods: This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine neural pathways of NLE impacting substance use trajectories.

Results: Dose-response relationships between controllable NLEs and substance use initiation were observed. Having one controllable NLE increased the odds of alcohol initiation by 50% (95%CI [1.18, 1.93]) and cannabis initiation by 73% (95%CI [1.36, 2.24]), respectively. Greater cortical thickness in left banks of the superior temporal sulcus mediated effects of controllable NLEs on alcohol and cannabis initiations. Greater left caudate gray-matter volumes mediated effects of controllable NLEs on cannabis initiation.

Conclusions: Controllable but not uncontrollable NLEs increased the odds of alcohol and cannabis initiation. Moreover, those individuals with less mature brain structures at the time of the NLEs experienced a greater impact of NLEs on subsequent initiation of alcohol or cannabis use. Targeting youth experiencing controllable NLEs may help mitigate alcohol and cannabis initiation.

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来源期刊
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
19.30
自引率
1.20%
发文量
1
期刊介绍: Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (DCNS) endeavors to bridge the gap between clinical neuropsychiatry and the neurosciences by offering state-of-the-art information and original insights into pertinent clinical, biological, and therapeutic aspects. As an open access journal, DCNS ensures accessibility to its content for all interested parties. Each issue is curated to include expert reviews, original articles, and brief reports, carefully selected to offer a comprehensive understanding of the evolving landscape in clinical neuroscience. Join us in advancing knowledge and fostering dialogue in this dynamic field.
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