生物性别和性激素对骨骼肌在休息和不同运动训练模式下的分子特征的影响。

Mark W Pataky, Surendra Dasari, Kelly L Michie, Kyle J Sevits, A Aneesh Kumar, Katherine A Klaus, Carrie J Heppelmann, Matthew M Robinson, Rickey E Carter, Ian R Lanza, K Sreekumaran Nair
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引用次数: 0

摘要

男性和女性在心脏代谢风险、肌肉大小和表现方面存在显著差异。考虑到骨骼肌在人类生理学中的关键作用,我们根据RNA测序(RNA-seq)进行了研究,发现男性和女性之间肌肉转录组的差异在很大程度上与睾酮和雌二醇有关,而与Y染色体上的基因无关。我们证明,在年轻和老年人群中,肌肉对有氧、阻力和联合运动训练的转录反应存在固有的独特、性别依赖性差异。激素随年龄的变化可能解释了转录物与年龄相关的差异表达。此外,在人类原代肌管中,我们证明了睾酮和雌二醇对氨基酸掺入具有特定功能的多种单个蛋白质的深刻但不同的影响。这些结果清楚地突出了设计专门针对男性和女性的锻炼计划的潜力,并对那些通过改变激素水平来改变性别的人产生了影响。
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Impact of biological sex and sex hormones on molecular signatures of skeletal muscle at rest and in response to distinct exercise training modes.

Substantial divergence in cardio-metabolic risk, muscle size, and performance exists between men and women. Considering the pivotal role of skeletal muscle in human physiology, we investigated and found, based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), that differences in the muscle transcriptome between men and women are largely related to testosterone and estradiol and much less related to genes located on the Y chromosome. We demonstrate inherent unique, sex-dependent differences in muscle transcriptional responses to aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise training in young and older cohorts. The hormonal changes with age likely explain age-related differential expression of transcripts. Furthermore, in primary human myotubes we demonstrate the profound but distinct effects of testosterone and estradiol on amino acid incorporation to multiple individual proteins with specific functions. These results clearly highlight the potential of designing exercise programs tailored specifically to men and women and have implications for people who change gender by altering their hormone profile.

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