Desarrollo y validación de estándares para unidades de calidad de centros sanitarios

Objective

In Spain, the Quality Units advise health centres, services and professionals on the methodology of continuous improvement of the quality of care. A system based on good practice standards could provide these units with a tool to improve their results and value their work. The objective was to develop, agree on and validate standards, to properly guide and orient the functions, results and continuous improvement of the Quality Units in health centers.

Material and methods

A qualitative–quantitative, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out, applying the Metaplan method, the e-Delphi technique and a simulation study. The participants were coordinators of these units, belonging to 14 Spanish Autonomous Communities and distributed in four experts’ panels. They agreed on the standards to be used and evaluated the different types of validity.

Results

The 204 standards proposed by the scientific committee were reduced to 157 with Metaplan, to 110 with e-Delphi, and to 96 with the committee's final review (87.3% consensus, content validity). The construct validity showed a Cronbach's alpha > 0.7 (P < .001); the validity of content was reaffirmed in the simulation workshop (80% “understood” each other, P < .001; and there was “documentary evidence” in 84%, P < .001); face validity was accepted (75% “related to quality dimensions”, P < .001); and the validity of the criteria was verified with a sensitivity of 84.2%, a specificity of 98.3%, and a kappa index of 0.84.

Conclusions

Valid standards have been developed for Quality Units in health centers.