数字社会转型的矛盾与历史分叉

IF 2.9 1区 哲学 Q1 ETHICS Journal of Political Philosophy Pub Date : 2022-12-23 DOI:10.30570/2078-5089-2022-107-4-23-39
A. Ryabov
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文致力于回顾在向数字社会过渡的过程中出现的主要经济、社会、政治和文化问题和矛盾。作者认为,这种转变本质上是文明的,不仅影响到经济和社会关系,而且影响到地球上大多数居民的生活方式、价值体系和世界观。这篇文章表明,正如在任何其他过渡时期一样,在现代,新问题与旧问题交织在一起,加强了社会中的冲突,造成了对未来的不确定性。“数字平台资本主义”的经济比20世纪的资本主义经济垄断得多。数字垄断企业正在成为政府的真正竞争对手,它们之间的权力之争极有可能最终导致国家权力与数字巨头的经济和智力潜力的融合,并形成一种新版本的国家垄断资本主义。再加上收入差距的扩大,数字不平等扩大了富人和穷人之间的深渊,并有助于社会金字塔结构的形成,其中社会等级的位置是由现代信息和通信技术的创造,使用和商业化的可能性决定的。由于机器人化和人工智能的广泛使用,劳动力市场发生了根本性的变化,这带来了一大批“不被需要的人”出现的威胁。这意味着,与20世纪存在的大多数社会模式不同,数字社会将不具有包容性,这反过来又会影响其稳定性。消费社会向娱乐社会的转变也将产生严重的影响。与这一转变有关的进程充满了人类的文化倒退,并危及几千年来发展起来的人类文明的基础。
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About Contradictions and Historical Forks of the Transition to a Digital Society
The article is devoted to the review of the main economic, social, political and cultural problems and contradictions that arise in the process of the transition to a digital society. According to the author, this transition is civilizational in nature, affecting not only economy and social relations, but also the way of life, the system of values and the worldview of most inhabitants of the planet. The article shows that, as in any other transitional era, in the modern terms, new problems are intertwined with the old ones, strengthening conflicts in the society and engendering uncertainty about the future. The economy of the “capitalism of digital platforms” is much more monopolized than the capitalist economy of the 20th century. Digital monopolies are becoming real competitors of governments, and it is highly plausible that the struggle for power between them will ultimately result in the merge of the power of the state with the economic and intellectual potential of digital giants and the formation of a new version of the state-monopoly capitalism. Coupled with the increasing income gap, digital inequality expands the abyss between the rich and the poor and contributes to the formation of the pyramidal structure of society, where the place in the social hierarchy is determined by the possibility of creating, using and commercializing modern information and communication technologies. The fundamental changes in the labor market due to robotization and the expanding use of artificial intelligence carry the threat of the appearance of a huge layer of “non-demanded people”. This means that, unlike most societal models that existed in the 20th century, the digital society will not be inclusive, which, in turn, will affect its stability. The looming transformation of the consumption society into the entertainment society will also have serious implications. The processes associated with this transformation are fraught with the cultural retrogression of mankind and jeopardize the foundations of the human civilization in the form that took several millennia to develop.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.60%
发文量
17
期刊介绍: The Journal of Political Philosophy is an international journal devoted to the study of theoretical issues arising out of moral, legal and political life. It welcomes, and hopes to foster, work cutting across a variety of disciplinary concerns, among them philosophy, sociology, history, economics and political science. The journal encourages new approaches, including (but not limited to): feminism; environmentalism; critical theory, post-modernism and analytical Marxism; social and public choice theory; law and economics, critical legal studies and critical race studies; and game theoretic, socio-biological and anthropological approaches to politics. It also welcomes work in the history of political thought which builds to a larger philosophical point and work in the philosophy of the social sciences and applied ethics with broader political implications. Featuring a distinguished editorial board from major centres of thought from around the globe, the journal draws equally upon the work of non-philosophers and philosophers and provides a forum of debate between disparate factions who usually keep to their own separate journals.
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