2D-materials-based optoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic applications

Optoelectronic artificial synapses (OEASs) are essential for realizing artificial neural networks (ANNs) in next-generation information processing that has high transmission speed, high bandwidth, and low power consumption. Two-dimensional (2D) materials endowed with strong light-matter interactions and atomically thin dangling-bond-free surfaces are candidates for achieving versatile optoelectronics. Developing 2D OEASs for future neuromorphic applications is significant to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architecture and achieve future artificial intelligence systems. This review primarily focuses on recent developments in advanced 2D OEASs, discussing their working mechanism as well as potential applications. Common materials, device structures, and their synthesis and construction methods are also summarized. Finally, the prospects for future 2D OEASs from the perspectives of materials, performance, and applications are briefly described.