医疗事故影响因素研究:调剂

Yuka Miyachi, Chika Nakayama, Kazuyo Nagashiba, K. Kinoshita, Masayuki Takeuchi, Masafumi Ohnishi, Hiroko Saito, Taeyuki Oshima
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引用次数: 3

摘要

近年来,医疗机构采取了多种措施来预防医疗事故。此外,为药品调剂目的的全自动系统的开发也取得了进展。然而,自动化点胶或用人工智能(AI)取代它并不能消除人为错误。因此,防止人为错误的措施将继续是一个重要的话题。因此,要求医院提高药剂科的工作效率。出于这些目的,注意力现在已经转移到供应加工和分销(SPD)。在本研究中,我们测量了药剂师的凝视和SPD,并检查了影响配药误差的因素;此外,我们还研究了人为错误的预防。在眼动追踪的结果中,SPD成员倾向于花更多的凝视时间和凝视次数,对于每种药物,在“药物”和“挑选清单”上比药剂师花更多的时间和次数。另一方面,当药剂师挑选药物时,他们同时进行各种工作操作,例如检查处方和查看下一个货架位置。据推测,与药剂师相比,SPD成员在挑选时有更明确的检查项目。这可能导致SPD成员引入分配错误的可能性较低。这些结果表明,在调剂过程中,选择过程并不是药剂师的强制性要求。相反,SPD成员、药房助理或自动配药设备可以作为采摘的替代品。建议药师在处方审核、验药和给药操作等方面投入更多的时间和精力。
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Study of Factors Affecting Medical Incident: 1. Dispensing
In recent years, medical institutions have taken a variety of measures to prevent medical incident. In addition, progress has been made toward the development of a fully automated system for the purpose of medicine dispensing. However, automating the dispensing, or having it replaced by artificial intelligence (AI) will not, eradicate human error. Thus, measures against human error will continue to serve as an important topic. Therefore, hospitals are required to improve the efficiency of the pharmacy department. For these purposes, attention has now shifted to Supply Processing and Distribution (SPD). In this study, we measured for the gaze of the pharmacist and SPD, and examined the factors affecting dispensing error; moreover, we examined prevention of the human error. In the results of the eye tracking, SPD members tended to spend a greater number of gaze time and gaze counts, for each medicine, on “medicines” and “picking lists,” than pharmacists. On the other hand, when pharmacists picking medicines, they performed various work operations in parallel, such as checking the prescription and looking the next shelf location. It was conjectured that SPD members had more clearly defined items to check when picking, compared to pharmacists. This may have possibly led to a lower chance of dispensing errors being introduced by SPD members. These results suggest that the process of selection is not a mandatory requirement of pharmacists during the action of dispensing. Instead, SPD members, pharmacy assistants, or automatic dispensing devices could serve as substitutes for picking. It is suggested that pharmacists should spend more time and effort on prescription inspection, medicines checking and dosing operations.
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