Objective: This paper takes the example of a Panax notoginseng extraction workshop and designs an automated production workshop with advanced domestic capabilities. Methods: 1) Based on the small-scale Panax notoginseng extraction process, the feasibility of the workshop production process is demonstrated. 2) The workshop process design for Panax Notoginseng saponin extraction is completed, including production organization plans and the selection of key equipment. 3) For the Panax notoginseng extraction workshop process, an automated production control system is designed. Conclusion: Through optimized design of the production process and automation system, continuous and automated production of traditional Chinese medicine extraction is achieved, leading to improvements in drug quality and production efficiency.
{"title":"Design of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extraction Workshop Process and Automation System","authors":"Meisong Li, Dongmei Tan, Qian Zhang","doi":"10.4236/pp.2023.1410026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/pp.2023.1410026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper takes the example of a Panax notoginseng extraction workshop and designs an automated production workshop with advanced domestic capabilities. Methods: 1) Based on the small-scale Panax notoginseng extraction process, the feasibility of the workshop production process is demonstrated. 2) The workshop process design for Panax Notoginseng saponin extraction is completed, including production organization plans and the selection of key equipment. 3) For the Panax notoginseng extraction workshop process, an automated production control system is designed. Conclusion: Through optimized design of the production process and automation system, continuous and automated production of traditional Chinese medicine extraction is achieved, leading to improvements in drug quality and production efficiency.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Safety, Tolerability and Anti-Diarrhoeal Activity of “Diarra”, a Preparation of Medicinal Plants Used in Ivorian Traditional Medicine","authors":"Kouakou Etienne Effo, Yacouba Adebo Adehouni, Gbongué Eric Tia, Amenan Geneviève Irié-N’Guessan, N’Doua Gisèle Kouakou Siransy","doi":"10.4236/pp.2023.1410027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/pp.2023.1410027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The last two decades have witnessed the advancement of accreditation of Chinese higher education, with pharmacy programs being one of the most important. The purpose of this research was to review and elucidate the evolution of the pharmacy accreditation system in China. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane databases and Google Scholar and CKNI databases, the website of the Working Committee for the Accreditation of Medical Education, and related university websites. Search terms used with each database were “accreditation” AND “pharmacy” AND “China”. The search strategy was designed to identify studies that report pharmacy program accreditation in China. Results: The primary outcomes indicate that the timeline of current Chinese pharmacy accreditation can be divided into four distinct chronological periods. Conclusion: After two decades of evolution, the qualification of the pharmaceutical program in China has significantly advanced its committees, criteria, methods, and systems, though with areas for refinement. As China embarks upon the process of pharmacy accreditation, it is simultaneously drawing upon lessons from the developed world, as well as infusing the process with its own distinct cultural identity. To effectively tackle current issues in the field of pharmacy accreditation, a commitment to continual quality advancement is required.
{"title":"Advancement of Pharmacy Accreditation in the Field of Chinese Higher Education","authors":"Wei Hu, Yang Cao","doi":"10.4236/pp.2023.149024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/pp.2023.149024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The last two decades have witnessed the advancement of accreditation of Chinese higher education, with pharmacy programs being one of the most important. The purpose of this research was to review and elucidate the evolution of the pharmacy accreditation system in China. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane databases and Google Scholar and CKNI databases, the website of the Working Committee for the Accreditation of Medical Education, and related university websites. Search terms used with each database were “accreditation” AND “pharmacy” AND “China”. The search strategy was designed to identify studies that report pharmacy program accreditation in China. Results: The primary outcomes indicate that the timeline of current Chinese pharmacy accreditation can be divided into four distinct chronological periods. Conclusion: After two decades of evolution, the qualification of the pharmaceutical program in China has significantly advanced its committees, criteria, methods, and systems, though with areas for refinement. As China embarks upon the process of pharmacy accreditation, it is simultaneously drawing upon lessons from the developed world, as well as infusing the process with its own distinct cultural identity. To effectively tackle current issues in the field of pharmacy accreditation, a commitment to continual quality advancement is required.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135551229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel, a small to medium-sized tree in the Ebenaceae family, is known as “Deshi Gab” in Bangladesh. Fever, diabetes, snake bite, diarrhea, biliousness, and ulcer ailments are all treated with the herb. This study’s goal was to examine in mouse models the antinociceptive properties of methanol extract of Diospyros malabarica leaves (MEDM). Methods: For the purpose of determining the antinociceptive activity in mice, five distinct pain models including hot plate, tail immersion, acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and glutamate-induced nociception tests were used. The conventional medications were morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). While the control group was expecting deionized water, MEDM was given orally at dosages of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg (0.1 mL/mouse, orally). Results: According to the current research, MEDM strongly reflected the antinociceptive activity of all mouse models of chemical and heat-induced pain (*p Conclusions: It is evident that the plant extract has exceptional analgesic properties. To determine the precise processes behind antinociceptive effect and to identify the substances that produce this activity, more research is required. The study’s findings also support the long-standing use of MEDM in painful conditions.
{"title":"Antinociceptive Effect of Methanol Extract of <i>Diospyros malabarica</i> (Desr.) Kostel Leaves in Mice","authors":"Md. Azim Uddin, Ambia Khatun, Md. Abdul Mannan","doi":"10.4236/pp.2023.149025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/pp.2023.149025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel, a small to medium-sized tree in the Ebenaceae family, is known as “Deshi Gab” in Bangladesh. Fever, diabetes, snake bite, diarrhea, biliousness, and ulcer ailments are all treated with the herb. This study’s goal was to examine in mouse models the antinociceptive properties of methanol extract of Diospyros malabarica leaves (MEDM). Methods: For the purpose of determining the antinociceptive activity in mice, five distinct pain models including hot plate, tail immersion, acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and glutamate-induced nociception tests were used. The conventional medications were morphine sulphate (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). While the control group was expecting deionized water, MEDM was given orally at dosages of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg (0.1 mL/mouse, orally). Results: According to the current research, MEDM strongly reflected the antinociceptive activity of all mouse models of chemical and heat-induced pain (*p Conclusions: It is evident that the plant extract has exceptional analgesic properties. To determine the precise processes behind antinociceptive effect and to identify the substances that produce this activity, more research is required. The study’s findings also support the long-standing use of MEDM in painful conditions.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135594449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nakao, Atsushi Nitta, H. Nishioka, M. Katagi, Noriko Tsuda, Yasuhide Kitazawa
This study was aimed to establish whether the skin preparation using ethanol-containing skin antiseptics causes ethanol contamination through blood collection. Venous blood was collected from 40 healthy volunteers according to the national guidelines for blood sampling, with four sequential procedures as follows: 1) collecting blood immediately (within 5 seconds) after cleaning the skin with an individually packaged type of ethanol-containing wipe, 2) collecting blood 1 minute after cleaning the skin with an individually packaged type of ethanol-containing wipe, 3) collecting immediately (within 5 seconds) after cleaning the skin with a traditional cleaning method (thoroughly ethanol-impregnated wipe, and 4) collecting 1 minute after cleaning the skin with a traditional cleaning method. Each sequential procedure was performed with and without the ethanol-containing wipe used for skin cleaning on the puncture site on their right and left arms at the time the needle was withdrawn, respectively. The collected specimens were subjected to the determination of ethanol by using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In every 80 blood specimens obtained from 40 participants, ethanol was undetectable (<0.001 mg/mL). This study demonstrates that disinfection using ethanol-containing skin antiseptics is unlikely to cause ethanol contamination through blood collection regardless of skin preparation technique according to the guidelines for blood sampling. This may have implications in forensic science.
{"title":"To Investigate the Effect of Using Ethanol Containing Wipes in Collecting Blood for the Measurement of Alcohol Concentration","authors":"T. Nakao, Atsushi Nitta, H. Nishioka, M. Katagi, Noriko Tsuda, Yasuhide Kitazawa","doi":"10.4236/PP.2021.1210018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/PP.2021.1210018","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed to establish whether the skin \u0000preparation using ethanol-containing skin antiseptics causes ethanol \u0000contamination through blood collection. Venous blood was collected from 40 healthy \u0000volunteers according to the national guidelines for blood sampling, with four \u0000sequential procedures as follows: 1) collecting blood immediately (within 5 \u0000seconds) after cleaning the skin with an individually packaged type of \u0000ethanol-containing wipe, 2) collecting blood 1 minute after cleaning the skin \u0000with an individually packaged type of ethanol-containing wipe, 3) collecting \u0000immediately (within 5 seconds) after cleaning the skin with a traditional \u0000cleaning method (thoroughly ethanol-impregnated wipe, and 4) collecting 1 \u0000minute after cleaning the skin with a traditional cleaning method. Each \u0000sequential procedure was performed with and \u0000without the ethanol-containing wipe used for skin cleaning on the \u0000puncture site on their right and left arms at the time the needle was \u0000withdrawn, respectively. The collected specimens were subjected to the \u0000determination of ethanol by using headspace gas chromatography-mass \u0000spectrometry. In every 80 blood specimens obtained from 40 participants, \u0000ethanol was undetectable (<0.001 mg/mL). This study demonstrates that \u0000disinfection using ethanol-containing skin antiseptics is unlikely to cause \u0000ethanol contamination through blood collection regardless of skin preparation \u0000technique according to the guidelines for blood sampling. This may have \u0000implications in forensic science.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82905481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Though painless abortion is a safe, effective and excellent method of artificial abortion, intravenous anesthesia cannot effectively expand the cervix. Hard and tight cervix often affects the operation and easily inducesabortion complications. Misoprostol can induce uterine contraction and soften the cervix. Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of misoprostol on abortion before and after painless induced abortion. Methods: 600 case pregnant women were divided into three groups: A, B and C, 200 case in each group. All patients were anesthetized. In group A, misoprostol 0.2 ug was placed in the posterior fornix of vagina 2 hours before the operation of induced abortion; in group B, misoprostol 0.2 ug was not only placed in the posterior fornix of vagina 2 hours before the operation of induced abortion but also taken orally 2 hours and 6 hours after the operation; in group C, misoprostol was not used before and after the operation. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative bleeding, the percentage of cervical relaxation and the rate of incomplete abortion among the three groups were compared. Results: Compared with group A and group B, the operation time of group C was longer and the amount of bleeding was more (P 0.05). The duration of bleeding in group B was less than that in group A (P Conclusion: The use of misoprostol before and after painless induced abortion can not only shorten the time of operation, reduce intraoperative and postoperative vaginal bleeding, but also has not incurred incomplete abortion(primary outcome).
{"title":"Clinical Observation of Misoprostol before and after Painless Induced Abortion","authors":"Yu Cai, Huilian Huang, J. Zhai, Bi-bo Feng","doi":"10.4236/PP.2021.125009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/PP.2021.125009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Though painless abortion is a safe, effective and excellent method of artificial abortion, intravenous anesthesia cannot effectively expand the cervix. Hard and tight cervix often affects the operation and easily inducesabortion complications. Misoprostol can induce uterine contraction and soften the cervix. Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of misoprostol on abortion before and after painless induced abortion. Methods: 600 case pregnant women were divided into three groups: A, B and C, 200 case in each group. All patients were anesthetized. In group A, misoprostol 0.2 ug was placed in the posterior fornix of vagina 2 hours before the operation of induced abortion; in group B, misoprostol 0.2 ug was not only placed in the posterior fornix of vagina 2 hours before the operation of induced abortion but also taken orally 2 hours and 6 hours after the operation; in group C, misoprostol was not used before and after the operation. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative bleeding, the percentage of cervical relaxation and the rate of incomplete abortion among the three groups were compared. Results: Compared with group A and group B, the operation time of group C was longer and the amount of bleeding was more (P 0.05). The duration of bleeding in group B was less than that in group A (P Conclusion: The use of misoprostol before and after painless induced abortion can not only shorten the time of operation, reduce intraoperative and postoperative vaginal bleeding, but also has not incurred incomplete abortion(primary outcome).","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73221252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadia Tabaasum, Sneha Sarawar, Sheikh Faisal Assadullah Mahadi, S. N. Islam
The aqueous leaf extract of ethnic vegetables Osonshak (Spilanthes calva), Chikipung (Rumex vesicarius) and Kochi ampata (Mangifera indica) widely consumed by the ethnic people of Chittagong Hill Tracts was investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity. Carrageenan induced rat paw edema model was employed to test the anti-inflammatory property. The plant extract (500 mg/kg body weight) was given orally to the rats. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as the positive control. Osonshak and Chikipung showed significant anti-inflammatory activity.
{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethnic Vegetables Osonshak (Spilanthes calva) and Chikipung (Rumex vesicarius) in Animal Model","authors":"Sadia Tabaasum, Sneha Sarawar, Sheikh Faisal Assadullah Mahadi, S. N. Islam","doi":"10.4236/PP.2021.124008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/PP.2021.124008","url":null,"abstract":"The aqueous leaf extract of ethnic vegetables Osonshak (Spilanthes calva), Chikipung (Rumex vesicarius) and Kochi ampata (Mangifera indica) widely consumed by the ethnic people of Chittagong Hill Tracts was investigated for their anti-inflammatory activity. Carrageenan induced rat paw edema model was employed to test the anti-inflammatory property. The plant extract (500 mg/kg body weight) was given orally to the rats. Diclofenac sodium (50 mg/kg) was used as the positive control. Osonshak and Chikipung showed significant anti-inflammatory activity.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78708007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study evaluated the antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and anti-Staphylococcus aureus activities of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum. Methanolic extract of G. lucidum (MEGL) was investigated for its in vitro antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and EC50 value was determined. α-Amylase inhibitory and anti-S. aureus activities were carried out by conventional methods. The mushroom extract showed maximum free radical scavenging activity at a dose of 500 μg/mL with EC50 value of 22.1399 μg/mL. EC50 value for the inhibition of α-amylase activity was found 22.6011 μg/mL. G. lucidum extracts exhibited a concentration-dependent Anti-S. aureus activity. The vast differences of this inhibition between lower and higher doses were assessed significantly (p G. lucidum has moderate antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory, and anti-S. aureus activities. Thus this mushroom may be the alternative plant source for the antioxidant, anti-diabetic and antibacterial agents and further in vivo studies and isolation of bioactive compounds are required.
本研究对灵芝子实体的抗氧化、α-淀粉酶抑制和抗金黄色葡萄球菌活性进行了评价。采用1,1-二苯基- 2-苦味酰肼(DPPH)法研究了灵芝甲醇提取物(MEGL)的体外抗氧化活性，并测定了EC50值。α-淀粉酶抑制和抗s。采用常规方法进行金黄色葡萄球菌活性测定。当剂量为500 μg/mL时，其自由基清除能力最强，EC50值为22.1399 μg/mL。抑制α-淀粉酶活性的EC50值为22.6011 μg/mL。灵芝提取物具有浓度依赖性的抗s。葡萄球菌的活动。这种抑制作用在低剂量和高剂量之间的巨大差异被显著评估(p . G. lucidum具有中等抗氧化、α-淀粉酶抑制和抗s。葡萄球菌的活动。因此，这种蘑菇可能是抗氧化剂、抗糖尿病剂和抗菌剂的替代植物来源，需要进一步的体内研究和分离生物活性化合物。
{"title":"Free Radical Scavenging, Enzyme Inhibitory and Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Properties of the Fruiting Bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, Lingzhi Mushroom","authors":"Md. Moyan Uddin Pk, M. Islam, Shariful Haque, Lutfa Akther, Rumana Pervin","doi":"10.4236/PP.2021.123007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/PP.2021.123007","url":null,"abstract":"The current study evaluated the \u0000antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory and \u0000anti-Staphylococcus aureus activities of the fruiting bodies \u0000of Ganoderma lucidum. Methanolic extract of G. lucidum (MEGL) was investigated for \u0000its in vitro antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl \u0000(DPPH) assay and EC50 value was determined. α-Amylase inhibitory and anti-S. aureus activities were carried out by \u0000conventional methods. The mushroom extract showed maximum free radical \u0000scavenging activity at a dose of 500 μg/mL with EC50 value of \u000022.1399 μg/mL. EC50 value for the inhibition of α-amylase activity was found 22.6011 μg/mL. G. lucidum extracts \u0000exhibited a concentration-dependent Anti-S. aureus activity. The vast differences \u0000of this inhibition between lower and higher doses were assessed significantly \u0000(p G. lucidum has moderate \u0000antioxidant, α-amylase inhibitory, \u0000and anti-S. aureus activities. Thus this mushroom may be the alternative plant \u0000source for the antioxidant, anti-diabetic and antibacterial agents and further in vivo studies and isolation of bioactive compounds are required.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80338689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Alshahrani, Taghreed Alotaibi, Nawal Safar Alrabie, B. Althobaiti, F. Alshelawi, Maram Althobaiti, M. Alsheikh, Ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman
Background: Community pharmacists play a significant role in dispensing and counseling about medications and pharmaceuticals including beauty and cosmetic products. Aims and Objectives: The current study was conducted to assess the viewpoint of community pharmacists in the Western region of Saudi Arabia about their professional role in dispensing beauty products. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2019 using an online questionnaire. Expert professors from college of pharmacy, Taif University validated the questionnaire. Results: Five hundred seventy-seven community pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were male (99%) and aged 23 - 34 years old (71.1%). Slightly less than half (45.58%) of community pharmacists have 6 - 10 years of experience. Most pharmacists (96.9%) communicate directly with customers/ patients and most of them (85.3%) ask and counsel patients about their product. Pharmacists strongly agreed that pharmacists must keep in developing their communication skills with customers/patients. Conclusion: Most of the community pharmacists surveyed in this study reported a good perceived knowledge and attitudes and demonstrated an acceptable level of practices regarding beauty products. Saudi FDA is encouraged to adopt Good Pharmacy Practice standards and guidelines to improve current practice of community pharmacists concerning Beauty Products.
{"title":"The Viewpoint of Community Pharmacists about Their Professional Role in Dispensing Beauty Products: A Study from Western Region of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ali Alshahrani, Taghreed Alotaibi, Nawal Safar Alrabie, B. Althobaiti, F. Alshelawi, Maram Althobaiti, M. Alsheikh, Ahmed Ibrahim Fathelrahman","doi":"10.4236/PP.2021.123006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/PP.2021.123006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community pharmacists play a significant role in dispensing \u0000and counseling about medications and pharmaceuticals including beauty and \u0000cosmetic products. Aims and Objectives: The current study was conducted to \u0000assess the viewpoint of community pharmacists in the Western region of Saudi \u0000Arabia about their professional role in dispensing beauty products. Methods: A \u0000cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2019 using \u0000an online questionnaire. Expert professors from college of pharmacy, Taif \u0000University validated the questionnaire. Results: Five hundred seventy-seven \u0000community pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants \u0000were male (99%) and aged 23 - 34 years old (71.1%). Slightly less than half \u0000(45.58%) of community pharmacists have 6 - 10 years of experience. Most \u0000pharmacists (96.9%) communicate directly with customers/ patients and most of \u0000them (85.3%) ask and counsel patients about their product. Pharmacists strongly \u0000agreed that pharmacists must keep in developing their communication skills with \u0000customers/patients. Conclusion: Most of the community pharmacists surveyed in \u0000this study reported a good perceived knowledge and attitudes and demonstrated \u0000an acceptable level of practices regarding beauty products. Saudi FDA is \u0000encouraged to adopt Good Pharmacy Practice standards and guidelines to improve \u0000current practice of community pharmacists concerning Beauty Products.","PeriodicalId":19875,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacology & Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87130474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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