日本冲绳岛海岸表层沉积物中痕量金属分布及污染的地球化学评价

I. Diallo, H. Ishiga
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摘要

在本研究中,沉积物样本采集于冲绳岛的Awase tidal、Minamigusuku和Nakagusuku地区。利用x射线荧光分析了样品的地球化学组成和分布,并对研究区沉积物质量进行了评价。采用污染因子(CF)、地质累积指数(Igeo)和美国环境保护署沉积物质量指南(US EPA SQG)对沉积物质量进行评价。结果表明,As (11mg/kg)、Pb (8mg /kg)、Zn (19mg /kg)、Cu (6mg /kg)和Cr (14mg/kg)的平均浓度最高的地区为南古陆地区。CF值和Igeo值以及美国EPA SQG值表明,所选微量金属中只有As在研究区域具有显著值。南古陆地区砷的CF值呈现中等富集,同一地区砷的Igeo值呈现显著值,污染程度从中等到相当,可能对该地区的生物群造成影响。与美国环保局SQG相比,Awase潮滩和中久陆地区污染程度中等,而南久陆地区污染严重,表明As可能影响这些地区的生物区系。因此,为了冲绳岛海岸更好的可持续发展,有必要定期监测和评估研究地区,特别是南古陆地区,以确定一段时间内砷的浓度。
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Geochemical Assessment of Trace Metal Distribution and Contamination in the Surface Sediments of the Coast of Okinawa Island, Japan
In this study, sediment samples were collected from the Awase tidal, the Minamigusuku, and Nakagusuku areas located in the Okinawa Island. The collected samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence to determine their geochemical compositions and distribution, and to assess the sediment quality in the study areas. Contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and the United State Environmental Protection Agency Sediment Quality Guideline (US EPA SQG) were used to assess the sediment quality. The results show that the highest average concentrations of As (11mg/kg), Pb (8 mg/kg), Zn (19 mg/kg), Cu (6 mg/kg), and Cr (14mg/kg) occurred in the Minamigusuku area. The CF and Igeo values, and the US EPA SQG indicate that among the selected trace metals only As displays significant values in the study areas. The CF values of As in the Minamigusuku area show moderate enrichment, and in this same area, the Igeo values of As present significant values, ranging from moderate to considerable contaminations, implying a possible effect on the biota in this location. Compared to the US EPA SQG, the Awase tidal flat and Nakagusuku areas are moderately polluted, whereas Minamigusuku is heavily polluted, suggesting that As may possible impact the biota in these areas. Consequently, for a better sustainable development of the coast of  Okinawa Island , a regular monitoring and assessment of study areas, particularly the Minamigusuku area, is necessary to determine over time the concentration of As.
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