Nephro-protective significance of kaempferol on mercuric chloride induced toxicity in Wistar albino rats

The kidney is an imperative intention of the toxicity of drugs, xenobiotics, and oxidative stress. The intend of the present investigation was to conclude nephro-protective efficiency over mercuric chloride (MgCl₂) induced oxidative stress and renal injury in rats. Mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity (1 mg kg bw; i.p.) as it induces noticeable and characteristic changes in proximal tubular cells in group II animals. These changes are conduit and accompanied by signs of renal dysfunctions. The levels of blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid, and lipid peroxidation were elevated (P < 0.05) in heavy metal intoxicated group II animals. On the other hand there was a decline in the levels of serum protein, nucleic acids, enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant enzymes in group II toxicity induced rats. In group III, rats administration of kaempferol (100 mg kg bw p.o.) brought back these elevated urinary constituents, lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05) and increase the levels of antioxidants and nucleic acids levels to near normal (P < 0.05) due to its therapeutic and scavenging properties. Histopathological results muscularly supports the nephro-protective activities of kaempferol by convalescing oxidative damage and morphological changes of kidneys induced by MgCl₂. Therefore, the present analysis evidently showed that kaempferol may be useful due to antioxidant possessions in fighting against free radical-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury resulted from mercuric chloride induced nephrotoxicity.