Effect of Chahar-Shanbe Suri Celebration on Air Quality in Iran: A Case Study of Tehran (Megacity)

Energy consumption, driven by the burning of fossil fuels and motor vehicle emissions are regarded as two main primary causes of air pollution. However, culture is a less-obvious factor affecting air pollution, which is often overlooked by researchers. The Chahar-Shanbe Suri culture in Iran is a significant and direct factor leading to air pollution in Iran. Unfortunately, few people recognize the role of culture in dealing with environmental problems. Culture plays an important role in many environmental problems. This study investigates why and how “Chahar-Shanbe Suri” culture leads to increase air pollution in Iran. Following the fireworks of Chahar-Shanbe Suri in Tehran, Tehran's air quality index increase by a high slope, and the clean condition with the 49 index at 20 pm was unhealthy for all segments of society with a 177 index at 23 o'clock. Of course, according to the data measured in Tehran's air quality assessment stations, the air quality index in the areas of the city has risen above or near 200, which indicates a very unhealthy condition. The people, governments, and industry should work together to navigate positive initiatives. Public education and media navigation are necessary for dealing with the cultural aspects of environmental pollution.