油棕(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)抗曲霉叶斑病品种筛选

Jittra Kittimorakul, A. Sunpapao, Saowapa Duangpan, J. Anothai, T. Eksomtramage
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引用次数: 4

摘要

在泰国,叶斑病,特别是曲霉叶斑病(CLS),会对油棕幼苗的质量和数量造成毁灭性的损害。化学杀菌剂已被广泛应用于控制这种疾病的传播。然而,这种方法的效率相对较低,因为病原菌在选择压力下对杀菌剂产生了抗性。需要一种替代或补充的成本效益和环境友好的方法来寻找抗病品种进行疾病管理。本研究采用离叶法接种曲vularia,筛选了122个Dura雌株、2个Pisifera雄株和4个Tenera商品品种(a、B、C和su - psu1)。接种2周后,13个Dura品系对CLS具有高度抗性(发病率为0%),1个Dura品系(129)和商品品种B对CLS具有高度敏感性(发病率为100%)。从13个Dura高抗性品系中选择9个Tenera杂交种进行高抗性试验,在温室条件下接种曲霉菌,并与敏感品系和高敏感品系进行比较。3个Tenera杂交种(138、187和203)对CLS表现出高抗性,与易感品系差异显著。这些是对CLS抗性最强的品种,应考虑在试验案例中进行油棕砧木的育种计划。
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Screening of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) varieties for resistance to Curvularia leaf spot disease
Leaf spot disease, particularly Curvularia leaf spot (CLS), can devastatingly damage both quality and quantity of oil palm seedlings in Thailand. Chemical fungicides have been intensively applied to control transmission of this disease. However, this has relatively low efficiency as the causative pathogen gains resistance to fungicides with selection pressure. An alternative or complementary cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach is necessary to find the resistant varieties for disease management. In this present study, a total of 122 lines of Dura female plant, 2 lines of Pisifera male plant, and 4 Tenera commercial varieties (A, B, C and SUP-PSU1) were screened by Curvularia inoculation using detached leaf method. Two weeks after inoculation, the results showed 13 Dura lines as highly resistant to CLS (0% disease incidence), whereas one line (129) and the commercial variety B were highly susceptible (100% disease incidence). Nine Tenera hybrid lines from 13 Dura highly resistant lines were selected to test for high resistance and subjected to Curvularia inoculation in greenhouse conditions, and compared with the susceptible and highly susceptible lines. Three Tenera hybrid lines (138, 187 and 203) showed high resistance to CLS significant difference from susceptible lines. These were the most highly resistant varieties to CLS and should be considered for breeding programs of oil palm stock among the cases tested.
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