Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1792
Fatemeh Shirazi, H. Razi, A. Niazi, A. Alemzadeh
WRKY transcription factors play important roles in regulation of various plant biological processes, including response to abiotic stresses. WRKY genes might be potential targets for transgenic breeding to enhance stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus). The present study aimed to clone and characterize WRKY57 (BnWRKY57) gene derived from B. napus and to analyze patterns of BnWRKY57 expression under drought and salt stresses in two B. napus cultivars with different levels of tolerance to drought and salt. The full-length coding region of BnWRKY57 gene with 882bp long (GenBank Accession Number: MG699908) was cloned and sequenced. BnWRKY57 gene encodes a hydrophilic polypeptide of 293 amino acids. It shared high homology with other known WRKY57s from Brassicaceae family. The promoter of BnWRKY57 gene contained cis regulatory elements involved in response to phytohormones, light, biotic and abiotic stresses suggesting this gene may play a role to modulate different signaling pathways. Real time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that BnWRKY57 expression was responsive to drought and salt stresses. BnWRKY57 gene showed different expression patterns between leaves and roots and also between the B. napus cultivars under stress conditions. Overall, the findings suggest that BnWRKY57 gene may contribute to adaptive responses to drought and salt stresses in B. napus.
{"title":"Molecular cloning and expression analysis of a stress-responsive WRKY transcription factor gene, BnWRKY57, from Brassica napus","authors":"Fatemeh Shirazi, H. Razi, A. Niazi, A. Alemzadeh","doi":"10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1792","url":null,"abstract":"WRKY transcription factors play important roles in regulation of various plant biological processes, including response to abiotic stresses. WRKY genes might be potential targets for transgenic breeding to enhance stress tolerance in rapeseed (Brassica napus). The present study aimed to clone and characterize WRKY57 (BnWRKY57) gene derived from B. napus and to analyze patterns of BnWRKY57 expression under drought and salt stresses in two B. napus cultivars with different levels of tolerance to drought and salt. The full-length coding region of BnWRKY57 gene with 882bp long (GenBank Accession Number: MG699908) was cloned and sequenced. BnWRKY57 gene encodes a hydrophilic polypeptide of 293 amino acids. It shared high homology with other known WRKY57s from Brassicaceae family. The promoter of BnWRKY57 gene contained cis regulatory elements involved in response to phytohormones, light, biotic and abiotic stresses suggesting this gene may play a role to modulate different signaling pathways. Real time quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that BnWRKY57 expression was responsive to drought and salt stresses. BnWRKY57 gene showed different expression patterns between leaves and roots and also between the B. napus cultivars under stress conditions. Overall, the findings suggest that BnWRKY57 gene may contribute to adaptive responses to drought and salt stresses in B. napus.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82642031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1496
L. Monteiro, A. C. Boliani, A. F. A. Ferreira, M. G. F. Rodrigues, G. A. Faria, Marcela Sant’anna Cordeiro da Silva, Marcela Pacola Oliveira, S. R. Cunha, L. Ribeiro
Pomegranate stands out as healthy fruit due to its phytochemical compounds. Some dormancy studies have stated the need to understand seed physiology, subsequent seedling production, as producers intended to expand the supply of pomegranate, besides facilitating the introduction of such promising crop. Thus, this study aimed to identify possible integumentary dormancy in seeds of pomegranate cultivar Comum and to evaluate the effect of mechanical scarification and water immersion of seeds, as overcoming method. In this study, sarcotesta was removed from scarified and non-scarified seeds, and then immersed in deionised water for up to 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours. Then seeds were embedded in trays of expanded polystyrene with organic substrate at greenhouse. The following evaluations were carried out: initial emergence, speed index, mean time of emergence and emergence percentage, besides biometric variables such as leaf number, stem diameter, length of aerial part and root system, fresh matter and total dry matter. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (presence or absence of scarification x four immersion time) in a completely randomized design was used, with 4 replicates of 25 seeds each. The results showed that seeds do not need to be scarified and immersed in water, regarding to both emergence and initial seedling growth variables. Results indicated that it was unnecessary to perform scarification and water immersion for emergence and initial growth variables, leading to conclusion that pomegranate seeds cv. Comum have no integumentary dormancy.
{"title":"Implication of some pre-germination treatments on seeds and initial seedling growth of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)","authors":"L. Monteiro, A. C. Boliani, A. F. A. Ferreira, M. G. F. Rodrigues, G. A. Faria, Marcela Sant’anna Cordeiro da Silva, Marcela Pacola Oliveira, S. R. Cunha, L. Ribeiro","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1496","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate stands out as healthy fruit due to its phytochemical compounds. Some dormancy studies have stated the need to understand seed physiology, subsequent seedling production, as producers intended to expand the supply of pomegranate, besides facilitating the introduction of such promising crop. Thus, this study aimed to identify possible integumentary dormancy in seeds of pomegranate cultivar Comum and to evaluate the effect of mechanical scarification and water immersion of seeds, as overcoming method. In this study, sarcotesta was removed from scarified and non-scarified seeds, and then immersed in deionised water for up to 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours. Then seeds were embedded in trays of expanded polystyrene with organic substrate at greenhouse. The following evaluations were carried out: initial emergence, speed index, mean time of emergence and emergence percentage, besides biometric variables such as leaf number, stem diameter, length of aerial part and root system, fresh matter and total dry matter. A 2 x 4 factorial arrangement (presence or absence of scarification x four immersion time) in a completely randomized design was used, with 4 replicates of 25 seeds each. The results showed that seeds do not need to be scarified and immersed in water, regarding to both emergence and initial seedling growth variables. Results indicated that it was unnecessary to perform scarification and water immersion for emergence and initial growth variables, leading to conclusion that pomegranate seeds cv. Comum have no integumentary dormancy.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"41 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77362403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1773
M. Rob, H. Noguchi
The allelopathic properties of plants can be used as an alternative weed control method to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to determine the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata. Six different concentrations of aqueous methanol extracts of G. pedunculata fruit were prepared and used to determine their effect on the growth of eight test plants: alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), foxtail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The test plants were grown in Petri dishes and after 48 h incubation, the length of the roots and shoots of the seedlings was measured and compared with control seedlings. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data was performed using the SPSS statistical package, and the I50 values were measured from a regression equation. The extracts at each concentration significantly inhibited the shoot and root growth of all the test plants, except the concentration of 0.001 g dry weight equivalent extract/mL, compared with control. At a concentration of 0.3 g of dry weight equivalent extract/mL, the shoot and root growth of all the tested plants were completely inhibited, except the shoot growth of barnyard grass. The degree of inhibition increased in line with increased extract concentration. The shoots of alfalfa and the roots of barnyard grass were determined to be the most susceptible to the G. pedunculata extract based on the concentration of extract resulting in 50% (I50) growth inhibition of the test plants. These results suggest that G. pedunculata may have allelopathic potential and may possess allelochemicals. From our study, we can conclude that G. pedunculata could be developed as an eco-friendly weed control option.
{"title":"Study of the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata Roxb","authors":"M. Rob, H. Noguchi","doi":"10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1773","url":null,"abstract":"The allelopathic properties of plants can be used as an alternative weed control method to reduce the use of synthetic herbicides. Accordingly, the present study was carried out to determine the allelopathic activity of Garcinia pedunculata. Six different concentrations of aqueous methanol extracts of G. pedunculata fruit were prepared and used to determine their effect on the growth of eight test plants: alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), cress (Lepidum sativum L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.), foxtail fescue (Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). The test plants were grown in Petri dishes and after 48 h incubation, the length of the roots and shoots of the seedlings was measured and compared with control seedlings. Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data was performed using the SPSS statistical package, and the I50 values were measured from a regression equation. The extracts at each concentration significantly inhibited the shoot and root growth of all the test plants, except the concentration of 0.001 g dry weight equivalent extract/mL, compared with control. At a concentration of 0.3 g of dry weight equivalent extract/mL, the shoot and root growth of all the tested plants were completely inhibited, except the shoot growth of barnyard grass. The degree of inhibition increased in line with increased extract concentration. The shoots of alfalfa and the roots of barnyard grass were determined to be the most susceptible to the G. pedunculata extract based on the concentration of extract resulting in 50% (I50) growth inhibition of the test plants. These results suggest that G. pedunculata may have allelopathic potential and may possess allelochemicals. From our study, we can conclude that G. pedunculata could be developed as an eco-friendly weed control option.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81817559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1482
É. F. Leão-Araújo, Anderson Rodrigo da Silva, Amanda R. P. dos Santos, Kaique Ferreira Alves, L. D. Ferreira, H. A. Santana, Wilhan Valasco dos Santos, Brunna Rithielly Rezende
The objective of this work was to determine the minimum number of replications and seeds per replication to perform the germination and seed vigor tests with coriander seeds. Two seed lots were compared in terms of water content, vigor and viability. Eight hundred seeds per lot were used. Values of germination first count, germination, germination speed index and mean germination time were analyzed. Sample size scenarios were developed using different combinations of number of replications (from 2 to 10) and the number of seeds per replication (from 20 to 80) by means of a resampling with replacement technique. The reference sample consisted of four replications of 50 seeds, as it is commonly used in researches with this species. Determination of the minimum number of replications and seeds was based on comparing the 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals for the index of variation (CV/n0.5) of each scenario with the confidence interval of the reference sample. It is reasonable to reduce the number of seeds per replication from 50 to 30 in order determine germination first count, germination and germination speed index. Forty seeds per replication are recommended to quantify the mean germination time. However, reductions in the number of replications can affect negatively the accuracy of germination and vigor tests.
{"title":"Sample size for determination of the physiological potential of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds","authors":"É. F. Leão-Araújo, Anderson Rodrigo da Silva, Amanda R. P. dos Santos, Kaique Ferreira Alves, L. D. Ferreira, H. A. Santana, Wilhan Valasco dos Santos, Brunna Rithielly Rezende","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1482","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to determine the minimum number of replications and seeds per replication to perform the germination and seed vigor tests with coriander seeds. Two seed lots were compared in terms of water content, vigor and viability. Eight hundred seeds per lot were used. Values of germination first count, germination, germination speed index and mean germination time were analyzed. Sample size scenarios were developed using different combinations of number of replications (from 2 to 10) and the number of seeds per replication (from 20 to 80) by means of a resampling with replacement technique. The reference sample consisted of four replications of 50 seeds, as it is commonly used in researches with this species. Determination of the minimum number of replications and seeds was based on comparing the 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals for the index of variation (CV/n0.5) of each scenario with the confidence interval of the reference sample. It is reasonable to reduce the number of seeds per replication from 50 to 30 in order determine germination first count, germination and germination speed index. Forty seeds per replication are recommended to quantify the mean germination time. However, reductions in the number of replications can affect negatively the accuracy of germination and vigor tests.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82175937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1680
Mônica Shirley Brasil dos Santos e Silva, A. A. Rodrigues, E. K. C. Silva, Anna Christina Sanazário de Oliveira, Leonardo de Jesus Machado Gois de Oliveira, Natalia de Jesus Ferreira Costa, Maria Rosângela Malheiros Silva, R. Lemos
The objective of the present study was to assess the seed health quality, quantification of seed-seedling pathogen transmission and the effect of plant extracts in reducing plant pathogens in the seeds of the tomato varieties San Marzano and Ipa 6. For the seed health, the samples were disinfested, plated and assessed after seven days, according to the Brazilian Seed Analysis Rule. For the transmission rate, 12 trays were prepared with 100 seeds each and assessed at 7, 14 and 21 d.a.s. (days after seeding) using 100 seedlings. The plant (main root, stalk and leaves) tissues were plated in PDA culture medium and assessed after seven days of incubation. Aqueous extracts were prepared from cinnamon, basil, neem and eucalyptus with 0.5% concentration and the seeds were immersed in each solution for 10 minutes. Then, they plated and assessed after seven days. The health test showed that biggest incidences of Aspergillus fumigatus (26 %) and Aspergillus flavus (26 %) were occurred in the seeds of the varieties Ipa 6 and San Marzano, respectively. The fungi A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, R. stolonifer and Curvularia sp. were detected in quantification of transmission in the seeds of the two tomato varieties. The treatment with basil extract resulted in the least fungus incidence in the transmission quantification of ‘San Marzano’ tomato seeds, while on Ipa 6 seeds the eucalyptus treatment performed better. The interference of treatments was not observed in tomato seed germination. However, there was decrease in incident of pathogens in seeds treated with the plant extracts and different effects was observed based on type and species of the pathogen.
以番茄品种圣马扎诺(San Marzano)和伊帕6 (Ipa 6)为研究对象，对其种子健康质量、种子-幼苗病原菌传播定量及植物提取物对种子病原菌的抑制作用进行了研究。为了种子的健康，根据巴西种子分析规则，在7天后对样品进行消毒、电镀和评估。为测定传代率，制作12个托盘，每个托盘100粒种子，分别在播种后7、14和21 d (d后)使用100株幼苗进行评估。将植株(主根、茎和叶)组织镀于PDA培养基中，培养7天后进行评估。肉桂、罗勒、楝树和桉树分别以0.5%的浓度制备水提取物，将种子浸泡在每种溶液中10分钟。然后，他们在7天后进行电镀和评估。卫生试验结果表明，ipa6和San Marzano品种种子中烟曲霉(26%)和黄曲霉(26%)的发病率最高。在两个番茄品种的种子中定量检测到黄霉、烟霉、黑霉、匍匐茎霉和曲霉霉的传播。罗勒提取物处理在“圣马扎诺”番茄种子传播量化中的真菌发病率最低，而桉树处理在Ipa 6种子传播量化中的效果更好。处理对番茄种子萌发无干扰。然而，植物提取物处理的种子中病原菌的发生率有所下降，并且根据病原菌的类型和种类观察到不同的效果。
{"title":"Health quality and reduction of pathogenic transmission in tomato seeds using plant extracts","authors":"Mônica Shirley Brasil dos Santos e Silva, A. A. Rodrigues, E. K. C. Silva, Anna Christina Sanazário de Oliveira, Leonardo de Jesus Machado Gois de Oliveira, Natalia de Jesus Ferreira Costa, Maria Rosângela Malheiros Silva, R. Lemos","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1680","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study was to assess the seed health quality, quantification of seed-seedling pathogen transmission and the effect of plant extracts in reducing plant pathogens in the seeds of the tomato varieties San Marzano and Ipa 6. For the seed health, the samples were disinfested, plated and assessed after seven days, according to the Brazilian Seed Analysis Rule. For the transmission rate, 12 trays were prepared with 100 seeds each and assessed at 7, 14 and 21 d.a.s. (days after seeding) using 100 seedlings. The plant (main root, stalk and leaves) tissues were plated in PDA culture medium and assessed after seven days of incubation. Aqueous extracts were prepared from cinnamon, basil, neem and eucalyptus with 0.5% concentration and the seeds were immersed in each solution for 10 minutes. Then, they plated and assessed after seven days. The health test showed that biggest incidences of Aspergillus fumigatus (26 %) and Aspergillus flavus (26 %) were occurred in the seeds of the varieties Ipa 6 and San Marzano, respectively. The fungi A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, R. stolonifer and Curvularia sp. were detected in quantification of transmission in the seeds of the two tomato varieties. The treatment with basil extract resulted in the least fungus incidence in the transmission quantification of ‘San Marzano’ tomato seeds, while on Ipa 6 seeds the eucalyptus treatment performed better. The interference of treatments was not observed in tomato seed germination. However, there was decrease in incident of pathogens in seeds treated with the plant extracts and different effects was observed based on type and species of the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85393865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1971
R. Mostafa, H. Essawy
Alhagi maurorum (A. maurorum) is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family leguminasae, commonly known as camel thorn. This research was amid to identify the chemical compounds in the aerial part of A. maurorum using GC-mass analysis. Three solvents with different polarities were used for the extraction of chemical constituents (water, methanol and petroleum ether). The results of GC-MS analysis led to identification of various compounds. In total, thirty-nine compounds from petroleum ether extract, thirty-two compounds in methanolic extract and seventeen compounds in aqueous extract were identified. Majority of the identified compounds have been reported to possess many biological activities. Among them, we reported 10 new anticancer compounds (Vitamin E; Hexadecanoic acid; Stigmast-5-en-3-ol; Phytol,2-hexadecen-1-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl; Squalene; Hexadecanoic acid; 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester; Oxime,methoxy-phenyl,methyl N-hydroxyben-zenecarboximidoate; Ergost-5-en-3-ol; 9,12- Octadecad-ienoic acid and Farnesol) from A. maurorum using three solvent, while the best effective solvent was petroluem ether. Therefore, we report that A. maurorum has great potential to be developed into anticancer drugs.
{"title":"Assessment of camel thorn (Alhagi maurorum) as new sources of bioactive compounds using GC-MS technique","authors":"R. Mostafa, H. Essawy","doi":"10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.PT1971","url":null,"abstract":"Alhagi maurorum (A. maurorum) is one of the medicinally important plants belonging to the family leguminasae, commonly known as camel thorn. This research was amid to identify the chemical compounds in the aerial part of A. maurorum using GC-mass analysis. Three solvents with different polarities were used for the extraction of chemical constituents (water, methanol and petroleum ether). The results of GC-MS analysis led to identification of various compounds. In total, thirty-nine compounds from petroleum ether extract, thirty-two compounds in methanolic extract and seventeen compounds in aqueous extract were identified. Majority of the identified compounds have been reported to possess many biological activities. Among them, we reported 10 new anticancer compounds (Vitamin E; Hexadecanoic acid; Stigmast-5-en-3-ol; Phytol,2-hexadecen-1-ol,3,7,11,15-tetramethyl; Squalene; Hexadecanoic acid; 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester; Oxime,methoxy-phenyl,methyl N-hydroxyben-zenecarboximidoate; Ergost-5-en-3-ol; 9,12- Octadecad-ienoic acid and Farnesol) from A. maurorum using three solvent, while the best effective solvent was petroluem ether. Therefore, we report that A. maurorum has great potential to be developed into anticancer drugs.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82107371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.P1371
M. M. Benez, R. C. Maranho, G. B. Maranho, Adeline Neiverth, M. F. Santos, Ana Lúcia O. Carvalho, A. Gonela, C. A. Mangolin, M. F. P. S. Machado
The germination potential of the axillary buds is crucial for the installation of new sugarcane crop and is highly relevant for the maintenance of the crop during the regrowth cycles. In this way, 1-DE-UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF system of mass spectrometry in a shotgun approach evaluated total and differential proteome of germinating and dormant axillary buds of cultivar RB867515 in second ratoon. The current paper investigates whether differently expressed proteins can be detected in germinating axillary buds or not. The proteome of germinative and dormant axillary buds were obtained using TCA/acetone in triplicates with subsequent proteins and polypeptides pre-separation by SDS-PAGE and UPLC. Mass spectra were obtained via MS/MS and were confronted with Viridiplante mass spectra from NCBIprot, SwissProt and UniProtKB databases, using Mascot tool from Matrix Science. A total of 159 proteins were identified. In total, 46 proteins were exclusively detected in the germinating buds, while 41 proteins were exclusively reported in the dormant buds and 72 proteins were common in germinating and dormant buds. Different proteins, involved with biotic and abiotic stress, were detected at equivalent proportions in germinating (29.5%) and dormant (31.7%) buds, while contrasting proportions of proteins involved with energy metabolism were detected in germinating (22.7%) and dormant (12%) buds. Budding potential in the third cut seems to be determined by specific proteins related to energy metabolism and steps of the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites for shoot growth and development. Seven enzymes (Aconitase, Succinate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase, Fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransgerase, Chacone synthase, Chalcone isomerase, and Monodehydroascorbate), one protein subunits (RuBisCo large subunit-binding protein) and one protein of Argonaute protein family (Tudor-Sn) supposedly involved with germinating potential of axillary buds and two enzymes (Hexokinase and Aldehyde dehydrogenase) supposedly involved with non-budding were highlighted.
{"title":"Proteome of germinating and dormant axillary buds of sugarcane and analysis of sprouting-related proteins","authors":"M. M. Benez, R. C. Maranho, G. B. Maranho, Adeline Neiverth, M. F. Santos, Ana Lúcia O. Carvalho, A. Gonela, C. A. Mangolin, M. F. P. S. Machado","doi":"10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.P1371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/POJ.12.01.19.P1371","url":null,"abstract":"The germination potential of the axillary buds is crucial for the installation of new sugarcane crop and is highly relevant for the maintenance of the crop during the regrowth cycles. In this way, 1-DE-UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF system of mass spectrometry in a shotgun approach evaluated total and differential proteome of germinating and dormant axillary buds of cultivar RB867515 in second ratoon. The current paper investigates whether differently expressed proteins can be detected in germinating axillary buds or not. The proteome of germinative and dormant axillary buds were obtained using TCA/acetone in triplicates with subsequent proteins and polypeptides pre-separation by SDS-PAGE and UPLC. Mass spectra were obtained via MS/MS and were confronted with Viridiplante mass spectra from NCBIprot, SwissProt and UniProtKB databases, using Mascot tool from Matrix Science. A total of 159 proteins were identified. In total, 46 proteins were exclusively detected in the germinating buds, while 41 proteins were exclusively reported in the dormant buds and 72 proteins were common in germinating and dormant buds. Different proteins, involved with biotic and abiotic stress, were detected at equivalent proportions in germinating (29.5%) and dormant (31.7%) buds, while contrasting proportions of proteins involved with energy metabolism were detected in germinating (22.7%) and dormant (12%) buds. Budding potential in the third cut seems to be determined by specific proteins related to energy metabolism and steps of the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites for shoot growth and development. Seven enzymes (Aconitase, Succinate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase, Fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransgerase, Chacone synthase, Chalcone isomerase, and Monodehydroascorbate), one protein subunits (RuBisCo large subunit-binding protein) and one protein of Argonaute protein family (Tudor-Sn) supposedly involved with germinating potential of axillary buds and two enzymes (Hexokinase and Aldehyde dehydrogenase) supposedly involved with non-budding were highlighted.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79495951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P843
E. C. C. Moraes, J. D. Lima, F. B. Neto, Paulo Cássio Alves Linhares, Arnaldo Pantoja da Costa, Joabe Freitas Crispim, Lissa Izabel Ferreira de Andrade, G. Rodrigues
Intercropping of beet with cowpea-vegetable is increasing in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. However, its management requires scientific information and technologies pertaining to space arrangement and adequate fertilization with roostertree. The present study evaluated the agronomic/biological performance of the beet and cowpea-vegetable intercropping system with different amounts of roostertree and spatial arrangements of the component cultures. We established a 4 × 3 factorial completely randomized design with four blocks. The first factor was the amount of roostertree biomass incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 in dry matter), while the second was the spatial arrangement of beet rows alternated with cowpea rows (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4). We evaluated the total, commercial, and classified productivities of beet roots, as well as the number of green pods per m2, green and dry pod productivities, the number of green grains per pod, the weight of 100 green grains, and green and dry grain productive of cowpea. The agronomic efficiency of the intercropping system was evaluated by the land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index, and score of the canonical variable z. The results showed no significant interactions among the amounts of roostertree biomass and spatial arrangements for any evaluated trait or agronomic index. The highest agronomic efficiency of the intercropping system was obtained with 65 t ha-1 of roostertree biomass and the 2:2 spatial arrangements.
在巴西北部大德州，甜菜与豇豆蔬菜的间作正在增加。然而，其管理需要科学的信息和技术，与空间安排和充分施肥有关。本研究评价了不同家禽树数量和不同组培空间安排的甜菜、豇豆蔬菜间作系统的农艺生物学性能。我们建立了一个4 × 3因子完全随机设计，有4个区。第一个影响因素是土壤吸收的鸡树生物量(干物质20、35、50和65 t hm -1)，第二个影响因素是甜菜行与豇豆行交替的空间安排(2:2、3:3和4:4)。我们评估了甜菜根的总生产力、商业生产力和分类生产力，以及每平方米绿荚数、绿荚和干荚生产力、每荚绿粒数、100粒绿粒重和豇豆的绿粒和干粒产量。采用土地等效比、生产效率指数和典型变量z得分评价间作制度的农艺效率。结果表明，各评价性状和农艺指数的空间布局与红豆杉生物量之间没有显著的交互作用。以65 t hm -1的生物量和2:2的空间布局为宜，间作系统的农艺效率最高。
{"title":"Effects of different roostertree (Calotropis procera) amounts and spatial arrangements on the performance of the beet-cowpea intercropping system","authors":"E. C. C. Moraes, J. D. Lima, F. B. Neto, Paulo Cássio Alves Linhares, Arnaldo Pantoja da Costa, Joabe Freitas Crispim, Lissa Izabel Ferreira de Andrade, G. Rodrigues","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P843","url":null,"abstract":"Intercropping of beet with cowpea-vegetable is increasing in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. However, its management requires scientific information and technologies pertaining to space arrangement and adequate fertilization with roostertree. The present study evaluated the agronomic/biological performance of the beet and cowpea-vegetable intercropping system with different amounts of roostertree and spatial arrangements of the component cultures. We established a 4 × 3 factorial completely randomized design with four blocks. The first factor was the amount of roostertree biomass incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 in dry matter), while the second was the spatial arrangement of beet rows alternated with cowpea rows (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4). We evaluated the total, commercial, and classified productivities of beet roots, as well as the number of green pods per m2, green and dry pod productivities, the number of green grains per pod, the weight of 100 green grains, and green and dry grain productive of cowpea. The agronomic efficiency of the intercropping system was evaluated by the land equivalent ratio, productive efficiency index, and score of the canonical variable z. The results showed no significant interactions among the amounts of roostertree biomass and spatial arrangements for any evaluated trait or agronomic index. The highest agronomic efficiency of the intercropping system was obtained with 65 t ha-1 of roostertree biomass and the 2:2 spatial arrangements.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82080672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1542
G. Sander, T. A. Macedo, P. S. D. Silva, J. F. Welter, A. J. Posser, L. Rufato, A. Kretzschmar
Apple is one of the most consumed fruits in the world. In Brazil, apple is the deciduous fruit of major importance. Its production is focused in the southern region of the country. To increase apple tree yield and to optimize fruit quality, it is important to choose a suitable training system to obtain greater light interception and photosynthetic radiation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate vegetative and productive aspects of the cultivar Maxi Gala grafted on seven-year-old dwarf rootstock M.9, under three different training systems: Tall Spindle, Solaxe and Vertical Axis. The experimental orchard was implemented in August, 2010 in Vacaria city, Rio Grande do Sul province, Brazil. The experiment was conducted and evaluated in (2014-2017) seasons. The results showed that Tall Spindle, Solaxe and Vertical Axis driving systems had no effect on internode length, plant height, fruit diameter and quality parameters such as pulp firmness and soluble solids. Therefore, the Tall Spindle driving system was more efficient for accumulative production, being this the indicated combination for regions with the edaphoclimatic characteristics like those of the orchard under study.
{"title":"Effect of different training systems to catch greater light interception in apple cultivar Maxi Gala in temperate climate","authors":"G. Sander, T. A. Macedo, P. S. D. Silva, J. F. Welter, A. J. Posser, L. Rufato, A. Kretzschmar","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1542","url":null,"abstract":"Apple is one of the most consumed fruits in the world. In Brazil, apple is the deciduous fruit of major importance. Its production is focused in the southern region of the country. To increase apple tree yield and to optimize fruit quality, it is important to choose a suitable training system to obtain greater light interception and photosynthetic radiation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate vegetative and productive aspects of the cultivar Maxi Gala grafted on seven-year-old dwarf rootstock M.9, under three different training systems: Tall Spindle, Solaxe and Vertical Axis. The experimental orchard was implemented in August, 2010 in Vacaria city, Rio Grande do Sul province, Brazil. The experiment was conducted and evaluated in (2014-2017) seasons. The results showed that Tall Spindle, Solaxe and Vertical Axis driving systems had no effect on internode length, plant height, fruit diameter and quality parameters such as pulp firmness and soluble solids. Therefore, the Tall Spindle driving system was more efficient for accumulative production, being this the indicated combination for regions with the edaphoclimatic characteristics like those of the orchard under study.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88599922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-20DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1276
Jittra Kittimorakul, A. Sunpapao, Saowapa Duangpan, J. Anothai, T. Eksomtramage
Leaf spot disease, particularly Curvularia leaf spot (CLS), can devastatingly damage both quality and quantity of oil palm seedlings in Thailand. Chemical fungicides have been intensively applied to control transmission of this disease. However, this has relatively low efficiency as the causative pathogen gains resistance to fungicides with selection pressure. An alternative or complementary cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach is necessary to find the resistant varieties for disease management. In this present study, a total of 122 lines of Dura female plant, 2 lines of Pisifera male plant, and 4 Tenera commercial varieties (A, B, C and SUP-PSU1) were screened by Curvularia inoculation using detached leaf method. Two weeks after inoculation, the results showed 13 Dura lines as highly resistant to CLS (0% disease incidence), whereas one line (129) and the commercial variety B were highly susceptible (100% disease incidence). Nine Tenera hybrid lines from 13 Dura highly resistant lines were selected to test for high resistance and subjected to Curvularia inoculation in greenhouse conditions, and compared with the susceptible and highly susceptible lines. Three Tenera hybrid lines (138, 187 and 203) showed high resistance to CLS significant difference from susceptible lines. These were the most highly resistant varieties to CLS and should be considered for breeding programs of oil palm stock among the cases tested.
{"title":"Screening of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) varieties for resistance to Curvularia leaf spot disease","authors":"Jittra Kittimorakul, A. Sunpapao, Saowapa Duangpan, J. Anothai, T. Eksomtramage","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.19.13.04.P1276","url":null,"abstract":"Leaf spot disease, particularly Curvularia leaf spot (CLS), can devastatingly damage both quality and quantity of oil palm seedlings in Thailand. Chemical fungicides have been intensively applied to control transmission of this disease. However, this has relatively low efficiency as the causative pathogen gains resistance to fungicides with selection pressure. An alternative or complementary cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach is necessary to find the resistant varieties for disease management. In this present study, a total of 122 lines of Dura female plant, 2 lines of Pisifera male plant, and 4 Tenera commercial varieties (A, B, C and SUP-PSU1) were screened by Curvularia inoculation using detached leaf method. Two weeks after inoculation, the results showed 13 Dura lines as highly resistant to CLS (0% disease incidence), whereas one line (129) and the commercial variety B were highly susceptible (100% disease incidence). Nine Tenera hybrid lines from 13 Dura highly resistant lines were selected to test for high resistance and subjected to Curvularia inoculation in greenhouse conditions, and compared with the susceptible and highly susceptible lines. Three Tenera hybrid lines (138, 187 and 203) showed high resistance to CLS significant difference from susceptible lines. These were the most highly resistant varieties to CLS and should be considered for breeding programs of oil palm stock among the cases tested.","PeriodicalId":10983,"journal":{"name":"Day 1 Mon, April 08, 2019","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73977003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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