SRAM-based FPGA implementations of cryptographic circuits for fault injection and fault tolerant techniques

As FPGA's are used in cryptography, for the purpose of implementation of complex functions in various applications. Those applications includes nuclear systems, transmission-reception system as well as adaptive computing systems. Reconfigurable devices play very important role in such applications. They are commonly known as Field Programmable Gate Array. In case of mission critical application area reliability of hardware is very much important hence concept of cryptography is widely used. The system should be designed in order to remove the faults which occurs in a system. SRAM-based FPGAs has made it possible to constitute fault tolerance into systems at lower cost. Since cryptographic devices are widely employed for applications which demands to keep personal information secure and safe and collection of sensitive information. These days, such as bank cards, universal-serial-bus (USB) keys, and e-passports, studying the effect of these faults for that RSA implementation safety- and mission-critical applications is of significant importance.