一种管理拥挤固定平台顶孔碰撞风险的实用方法:在东加里曼丹近海实施

A. H. Feizal, Made Allan Pribadi, Eka Pambudi Riambomo, Ridwan Durachman
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摘要

随着油田的日益拥挤,在地面井段与相邻井的距离非常近的地方钻井的要求已经很普遍。特别是在海上成熟油田,最后一口井是在密集的平台上钻的。在东加里曼丹的Santan油田,由于当时没有侧钻或平台扩展方案,但仍有机会进行填充和步出井,因此在现有井之间下入了导管。由于井与井之间的间距从地面上看很紧,这种情况给井的建造带来了避免碰撞的挑战。槽与槽之间的间距为1米,槽与槽之间的间距为0.64米。根据井眼轨迹要求,还需要在浅井深度进行定向工作。与邻井发生意外交叉的风险可能会导致经济损失、人员安全以及环境问题。在计划阶段进行了全面的风险评估,因为钻井作业的安全性一直是主要关注的问题之一。然后制定了缓解计划,目标是将负面后果管理到可接受的水平。在规划阶段,执行了详细的防碰撞程序,以评估碰撞风险。在现场,作为缓解措施,在钻机进入之前,对相邻井进行了几项活动:1)无钻机重测,2)井完整性检查,3)井屏障安置。在钻井过程中,实施了以下策略:1)利用GWD, 2)对目标井和邻井进行监测,3)使用耐碰撞钻头。全地面井的钻井安全,没有任何HSE或可靠性问题。没有观察到重大的井碰撞迹象。但由于采用了防碰撞钻进控制方式,导致钻进时间比平时长了一些。本文介绍了东加里曼丹Santan油田在密集固定平台上顶孔钻井的成功案例,为后续钻井提供了参考。该方法具有一定的经济价值,在成熟油田具有明显的效益。
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A Practical Approach to Manage Top-Hole Collision Risk in Crowded Fixed Platform: Implementation in Offshore East Kalimantan
The requirement of drilling in very close proximity to adjacent wells in surface hole section has been common as field become more crowded. This is true especially in offshore mature field where the last wells are drilled on a dense platform. In Santan Field, East Kalimantan, conductor pipes were driven between the existing wells since sidetrack or platform extension options were not available at the time while there are still opportunity for infill and step out wells. This situation introduces challenges on well construction in term of collision avoidance since the spacing between the wells are tight from surface point. The distance between slots is as low 1 meter from center-to-center, and 0.64 meter between wall-to-wall. Directional works was also required at shallow depth to kick of the well as per trajectory requirement. The risk of unplanned intersections with adjacent well can lead to financial loss, personnel safety as well as environmental issue. A comprehensive risk assessment were conducted during the planning phase as the safety of drilling operation has been one of the main concerns. Mitigations plan were then formulated with the objectives to manage the negative consequences to acceptable level. During the planning phase, detail anti-collision procedure was executed to evaluate the collision risk. On the field, several activities were carried out on adjacent wells prior to rig move in as mitigations measure: 1) Rig less resurvey, 2) Well integrity inspection, and 3) Well barrier placement. While drilling, following strategies were performed: 1) GWD utilization, 2) Monitoring on subject and adjacent wells, and 3) Collision-tolerant drilling bit application The all-surface hole were drilled safely without any HSE or reliability issue. No major indications of well collision were observed. However, the drilling time took bit longer than usual performance due to drilling controlled manner for anti-collision precautions. This paper explain how well collision mitigations was implemented in Santan Field, East Kalimantan, which can be a reference for further drilling as a successful case of top-hole drilling on a dense fixed platform. The method is expected to gain economic value, which is notably beneficial in mature field.
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