美俄在中东地区的关系

Tamila Kurashvili
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摘要

20世纪主要的全球地缘政治话语是将世界划分为两部分,苏联和西方的势力范围。美国是西方的领袖,而俄罗斯将西方视为主要的地缘政治对手。俄罗斯的政治领导层,起初是惯性的,后来彻底延续了苏联的这一进程。与对苏联相比,美国当局对俄罗斯联邦的反应相对较少。然而,两国尚未就主要地缘政治问题达成最终合作协议。波斯湾和中东地区总体上一直是俄罗斯感兴趣的广泛领域。对该地区如此持久的兴趣源于一个非常简单的原因——中东是俄罗斯边境的南翼。因此,俄罗斯的外交政策将始终在该地区发挥主导作用。因此,美俄利益也出现在该地区。俄罗斯地缘政治的主要方向之一是美国。目前,由于乌克兰战争,美国和俄罗斯之间的关系高度紧张。然而,这两个国际大国或多或少都意识到它们的关系在多大程度上取决于整个人类的命运。俄罗斯和美国在第二次世界大战中是盟友。这一历史记忆在双方之间也存在,但意识形态和文明的差异使双方无法为建立一个和平与公平的世界奠定基础。他们之间的关系更多的是竞争而不是合作。目前,俄罗斯已经受到美国和西方国家的严厉经济制裁。
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Relations Between the United States and Russia in the Middle Eastern Region
The main global geopolitical discourse of the 20th century was to divide the world into two parts, the spheres of influence of Soviet and West. The United States was the leader of the West, which was perceived by Russia as a major geopolitical opponent. The political leadership of Russia, at first with inertia, and then thoroughly continued this course of Soviet Union. The US authorities showed a relatively less reactional policy on the Russian Federation than it did to the Soviet Union. However, the final cooperative agreement on the main geopolitical issues has not been reached between the two states. The Persian Gulf and the Middle Eastern region in general have always been a wide area of interest to Russia. Such a persistent interest in the region is due to a very simple reason – the Middle East is the southern flank of Russia's borders. Consequently, Russia's foreign policy will always have a leading influence in the region. Consequently, the US – Russia interests also appear in this region. One of the leading directions in Russia's geopolitics is the United States. Currently, there is a highly tense relationship between the US and Russia due to the Ukrainian war. Nevertheless, both large international actors are more or less aware of how much their relationship depends on the fate of humanity as a whole. Russia and the US were allies in World War II. This historical memory also exists between them, but ideological and civilizational differences have not allowed the parties to lay the groundwork for somewhat peaceful and fair world. Relationships between them are more rivalry than cooperation. At present, Russia has imposed heavy economic sanctions from the US and the West.
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