电源特性对钨气电弧电弧特性影响的数值分析

Y. Tsujimura, S. Tashiro, Manabu Tanaka
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摘要

钨气弧焊的电弧性能与电弧电流、弧长等焊接条件密切相关。在GTA中,电弧电流和电弧电压由电源的外部特性和电弧的电气特性决定。电源的外部特性有两种,即恒流特性(CC)和恒压特性(CV)。电弧的电特性取决于电弧的长度。本文通过数值模拟的方法,分析了具有CC和CV特性的GTA电弧特性与电弧长度的关系以及电流和电压之间的关系。结果表明,在CC特性下,电弧电压和功率随弧长减小而减小;在CV特性下,电弧电流和功率随弧长减小而显著增大。随着弧长的变化,直流特性的电弧功率几乎没有变化,而直流特性的电弧功率变化很大。
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Numerical analysis on effects of power source characteristics on arc properties in gas tungsten arc
Arc properties in Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) strongly depend on welding conditions such as an arc current, an arc length and so on. In GTA, the arc current and an arc voltage are determined by an external characteristic of a power source and an electrical characteristic of the arc. There are two kinds of external characteristics of power sources, namely, Constant Current (CC) and Constant Voltage (CV) characteristics. The electrical characteristic of the arc depends on the arc length. In this study, dependences of the arc properties and relationships between the current and the voltage on the arc length in GTA employing power sources with the CC and the CV characteristics were numerically analyzed. As a result, it was found that the voltage and power of the arc decreased with decrease of the arc length in case of the CC characteristic and the current and the power of the arc increase dramatically with decrease of the arc length in case of the CV characteristic. Furthermore, with variation of the arc length, the arc power hardly changes for the CC characteristic, although the arc power largely changes for the CV characteristic.
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