Peripheral arterial disease.

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremity is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis. It is present in up to 20% of older men and women, and estimated to affect more than 200 million people worldwide. The major risk factors for PAD are smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. PAD is an important problem in older adults due to its prevalence, its often-subtle symptoms, and its importance as a marker for widespread vascular disease. Patients with asymptomatic PAD are at greater risk for functional decline compared to those without PAD. Most importantly, identifying and treating PAD can improve an individual’s functional status and quality of life.