Detection of Human Papillomavirus Subtype 16 in Esophageal Squamous Cells Carcinoma in Sudanese Patients

Oesophageal cancer is the sixth most common cancer among males and the ninth among the females worldwide. The purpose of this study is to detect association of Human papilloma virus subtype 16 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Khartoum state Hospitals by polymerase chain reaction method. A retrospective descriptive study of archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue from Esophageal Squamous cells carcinoma specimens acquired at Omdurman Teaching hospital, Alribat, IbnSina Hospital and Military hospital. 50 were used to detect HPV-16 by DNA Extraction and polymerase chain reaction method (PCR). PCR was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 50 patients with ESCCS. PCR detection method was used to detect the role of HPV-16. SPSS was used to analyze the data, the role of HPV-16 and the histological grade of tumors was determined. In 18 % of cases, the presence of HPV-16 was positive in the ages above 40 years old (54.2%). Females predominantly affected by squamous cellscarcinoma (22.6%). The most common histological differentiation observed with high rate of human papilloma virus type 16 was found in poorly differentiated squamous cells carcinoma (20%). The frequency of human papilloma virus type -16 was statistically insignificant associated by gender, age and histological differentiation. (P value < 0.05).