高强度间歇体能训练对心脏手术后患者能量供应系统的影响

A. Kuular, T. Kakuchaya, T. Dzhitava, A. Filatova, N. Pachuashvili
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摘要

介绍。许多研究发现,心脏手术后心脏康复期间再住院的风险降低。心脏手术后心脏康复训练计划的目的是优化能量供应系统。根据负荷的强度和持续时间,能量供应系统在体内“开启”。研究目的:探讨最佳心脏康复训练方案对心脏手术患者有氧能量供应系统的影响。材料和方法。在我们的研究中,我们检查了47例在体外循环下接受主动脉瓣置换术的患者,EC持续时间为52±20.5分钟。将患者分为两组:对照组(n=23)接受1个有氧自行车有氧康复课程,持续进行中、中等强度有氧训练,年龄为50.2±3.4岁;主组(n=24)接受1个有氧高强度间歇体能训练,心脏康复课程,年龄为51.2±2.8岁(p>0.05)。没有考虑到性别。从主动脉瓣置换术后第14天开始,在席勒运动自行车上进行无氧训练。负载功率从25瓦到70-95瓦不等。评估心脏康复前运动前后血乳酸、血糖、pH、pCO2、pO2、BE、血脂、BNP水平、外呼吸、心率、血压等数据。康复疗程结束后,对上述参数进行评价。疗程为2周。结果。在心脏康复过程结束时对各项指标进行评价时,两组训练后的控制参数均有明显下降,且高强度间歇体能训练组较中等强度持续体能训练组明显下降。结果分析表明,合理选择高强度间歇训练参数,可以优化体外循环手术患者的无氧糖酵解,提高患者的功能。随着负荷的重复次数越来越多,间歇训练变得越来越有氧。
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THE EFFECT of HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL PHYSICAL TRAINING ON THE ENERGY SUPPLY SYSTEM IN PATIENTS AFTER HEART SURGERY
Introduction. A number of studies have found a reduction in the risk of rehospitalization during cardiorehabilitation after heart surgery. The purpose of the training program for cardiorehabilitation after cardiac surgery is to optimize energy supply systems. Depending on the intensity and duration of the load being performed, energy supply systems 'switch on' in the body.Purpose of the study: to study the effectiveness of the optimal cardiorehabilitation training program on the aerobic energy supply system in cardiac surgery patients.Materials and methods. In our study, we examined 47 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass, with an EC duration of 52±20.5 minutes. The patients were divided into two groups: the control group (n=23), who underwent a course of cardiorehabilitation on exercise bikes with constant aerobic training of moderate and medium intensity, at the age of 50.2±3.4 years, and the main group (n=24) – with a course of cardiorehabilitation on exercise bikes with aerobic high-intensity interval physical training, at the age of 51.2±2.8 years (p>0.05). Gender was not taken into account. Anaerobic training was carried out on SCHILLER exercise bikes from day 14 after aortic valve replacement. The load power ranged from 25 to 70–95 watts. Before cardiac rehabilitation, the level of lactate, glucose, pH, pCO2, pO2, BE, lipid profile, BNP in the blood before and after ergometric exercise, data on external respiration, heart rate and blood pressure were assessed. After the course of rehabilitation, the above parameters were evaluated. The duration of the course was 2 weeks. Results. When evaluating the indicators at the end of the course of cardiorehabilitation was being done, a significant decrease in the controlled parameters after training was observed in both groups, and largely in the group of high-intensity interval physical training than in the group of constant training of medium intensity.Conclusions. Analysis of the results showed that properly selected parameters of high-intensity interval training could optimize anaerobic glycolysis in patients undergoing operations under cardiopulmonary bypass, as well as increase the functionality of patients. As more and more repetitions of the load are performed, interval training becomes more and more aerobic.
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