EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT OF SEEDS AND CROPS WITH BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES ON SPRING WHEAT IN THE CONDITIONS OF KAMA REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

The research was carried out in order to study the features of the effect of concentrated organomineral complex liquid fertilizers on the yield and grain quality of spring soft wheat. The work was carried out in 2020-2022 in the Republic of Tatarstan. The scheme of the experiment involved the study of the following options: without presowing seed treatment, herbicide in the tillering phase, insecticide in the booting phase (control); seed treatment with Batr Gum 0.5 l/t, herbicide + Batr Maks 1 l/ha in the tillering phase, insecticide + Batr Maks 1 l/ha in the booting phase; seed treatment with Chudozem 1 l/t, herbicide + Chudozem 2 l/ha in the tillering phase, insecticide + Chudozem 2 l/ha in the booting phase. Varieties Al Varis and Yoldyz were sown at a rate of 6 million viable seeds per 1 ha. Treatment of seeds with preparations Batr Gum and Chudozem increased field germination, and subsequent spraying of vegetative plants with the same preparations increased their safety for harvesting, the length of the stem and ear, the number of oats and grains in the ear. On average, over the years of research, the use of drugs provided an increase in the grain yield of the Al Varis variety at the level of 0.58 ... 0.60 t/ha, of the Yoldyz variety - 0.56 ... 0.58 t/ha. The use of Batr Maks contributed to the formation of spring wheat grains with the highest protein and gluten content in the experiment, as well as vitreousness in both varieties of soft wheat. The most economically profitable was the cultivation of the spring soft wheat variety Al Varis using the preparations Batr Gum and Batr Maks.